基于RCM技术的起重机械维修策略的研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 07:39

本文选题：起重机械 + RCM　；参考：《东北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：起重机械是机械设备中事故后果严重的特种机械设备之一,国内外每年都有因维修不当造成大量的财产损失和人身伤害事故。对起重机械选择最佳的维修方式和针对该维修方式确定最佳的维修间隔期以达到最经济可靠的维修效果成为现代设备维修的重点。本文通过对当前我国起重机械现行维修模式和国内外设备维修模式的发展历程的分析与比较,采用了目前国际上比较流行的设备维修方式—以可靠性为中心的维修,对起重机械设备进行维修策略研究。本文基于层次分析法和蒙特卡罗模拟找出了起重机械设备中的重要部件,然后将FMEA和FTA分析相结合进行了重要部件的故障模式和影响分析,建立了重要部件的FMEA分析表格。考虑起重机械结构复杂以及维修方式选择的主观性和模糊性,本文提出了基于蒙特卡罗模拟的综合评判法,该方法首先采用层次分析法计算影响设备维修方式选择的所有影响因素的权重,建立各种因素的优先级排序；然后利用模糊判断法,建立维修方式对适用度的评估模型；最后应用蒙特卡罗仿真的方法同时改变各因素的权重值,统计各维修方式的适用度排序,根据各维修方式适用度排序的概率值确定最佳的维修方式。该方法需要的主观数据比较少,同时增加维修方式适用度排序的鲁棒性,降低主观判断的影响,能够准确的实现各维修方式对主梁的适用度评估。针对起重机械设备制动器的工作特点建立了制动器在有限工作时间下不完全维修的维修模型,然后根据设备的经济性准则和可用度准则分别计算制动器的最佳维修间隔周期,利用模糊决策的绝对比较法计算设备在这两类准则相结合下的最佳检测间隔期,然后检验在该间隔期下制动器是否满足可靠度的要求。建立了主梁的视情维修模型,首先利用贝叶斯方法估计了主梁从开始工作发展到潜在故障时间和从潜在故障发展到功能故障时间分别满足的分布形式和分布参数。然后分别建立了首次检测间隔期和重复检测间隔期的求解模型,计算了设备在满足可靠度的情况下实现最小维修费用和最大可用度的检测间隔期。
[Abstract]:Hoisting machinery is one of the most serious special mechanical equipment in the mechanical equipment . There is a large amount of property damage and personal injury caused by improper maintenance at home and abroad . The best maintenance mode for the crane machinery and the best maintenance interval for the maintenance mode are the key points of modern equipment maintenance . This paper adopts the current maintenance mode of the crane machinery in China and the maintenance mode of equipment maintenance at home and abroad , and carries out maintenance strategy research on the lifting appliance equipment with reliability as the center .

Based on the analytic hierarchy process and Monte Carlo simulation , this paper finds out the important parts in the equipment of hoisting machinery , and then combines FMEA and FTA analysis for the failure mode and influence analysis of important parts , and establishes FMEA analysis table of important parts .

Considering the complicated structure of the crane and the subjective and fuzzy of the maintenance mode selection , this paper presents a comprehensive evaluation method based on Monte Carlo simulation . First , the weight of all the influencing factors influencing the equipment maintenance mode is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process , and the priority ranking of various factors is established .
Secondly , the fuzzy judgement method is used to establish the evaluation model of the maintenance mode to the application degree .
In the end , the method of Monte Carlo simulation is applied to change the weight value of each factor , and the optimal maintenance mode is determined according to the probability value of each maintenance mode . The method needs less subjective data , meanwhile increases the robustness of the application degree ordering of the maintenance mode , reduces the influence of subjective judgement , and can accurately realize the evaluation of the application degree of each maintenance mode on the main beam .

According to the working characteristics of the brake of the lifting machinery equipment , the maintenance model of the brake under the limited working time is established , and the optimal maintenance interval period of the brake is calculated according to the economic criterion and the availability criterion of the equipment . The distribution form and the distribution parameters of the equipment under the combination of the two types of criteria are calculated according to the economic criterion and the availability criterion of the equipment . The model of the initial detection interval and the repeated detection interval is firstly established , and the detection interval between the minimum maintenance cost and the maximum availability is calculated under the condition of meeting reliability .
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH21;TH17

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