水蒸气再压缩热泵系统的性能分析

发布时间：2018-06-16 00:33

本文选题：水蒸气 + 天然工质　；参考：《北京工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界面临着严峻的能源危机和环境危机。化石能源接近枯竭，能源总量供不应求，严重影响我国国民经济的迅速发展，也将导致世界经济危机和冲突的加剧。同时，臭氧层耗减和全球温暖化，已成为日益严峻的全球环境问题。人工合成制冷剂绝大部分将扩散到大气中，始终对生态环境存在着潜在危险。能源与环境的双重危机使得寻求清洁高效的能量转换技术成为人们共同关注的问题。而热泵因其热量倍增和提高能源有效利用率的特点，早已被认为是工业过程合理化和实现节能的最合适的基本途径之一，有助于缓解当今世界严峻的能源形势，，而被广泛推广与应用。同时，水作为优秀的天然替代工质，因其环保、安全、廉价、容易获得、能效较高等优点，受到世界范围的广泛关注和研究。将天然工质水和节能效果优良的热泵系统相结合的典型系统，即为蒸汽再压缩系统。系统具有环保、节能、系统简化等诸多优点，其原理是将蒸发器产生的二次蒸汽经过压缩机压缩，使其压力、温度上升，增加热焓之后，再作为蒸发器的热源使用，将二次蒸汽中的潜热得到充分利用，从而达到节能目的。本文主要做了以下工作： (1)介绍了国内外对于水蒸发压缩系统的研究成果，并基于水制冷剂的性质和蒸发再压缩系统的特点，建立了一种用于蒸发的开式水蒸气再压缩式热泵系统模型； (2)通过对系统循环过程、水的热物理性质、热量传递和功的变化情况的分析，建立了该系统的分析模型；在认为蒸发换热装置能够充分换热的假设下，对不同工况，系统的功耗、换热量与能效比等进行了分析计算，得出了系统性能指标的变化规律。之后，根据这种变化规律，确定出在实际应用过程中，最优的系统工况； (3)并基于此最优工况，对系统在稳定运行状态下的各点参数进行了计算，并进一步根据这些参数对蒸发装置进行了初步的设计计算，确定其一些主要的参数，并对蒸发装置的设计进行校核； (4)在蒸发装置确定的情况下，对不同压缩机吸、排气压力下系统的换热量、能效比进行了计算，并对其随压缩机压力比的变化规律进行了分析。
[Abstract]:Today the world is facing a severe energy crisis and environmental crisis. The fossil energy is nearly exhausted, the total energy supply exceeds the demand, which seriously affects the rapid development of the national economy of our country, and will also lead to the world economic crisis and the intensification of the conflict. At the same time, ozone depletion and global warming have become increasingly serious global environmental problems. Most of the synthetic refrigerants will diffuse into the atmosphere, which always has potential danger to the ecological environment. The dual crisis of energy and environment makes it a common concern to seek clean and efficient energy conversion technology. Heat pumps, because of their characteristics of doubling heat and improving the efficiency of energy utilization, have long been considered as one of the most suitable basic ways to rationalize industrial processes and achieve energy conservation, which will help to alleviate the severe energy situation in the world today. It has been widely popularized and applied. At the same time, water, as an excellent natural alternative, has attracted worldwide attention for its advantages of environmental protection, safety, low cost, easy access and high energy efficiency. The typical system which combines the natural working fluid water with the heat pump system with good energy saving effect is the steam recompression system. The system has many advantages, such as environmental protection, energy saving, system simplification and so on. Its principle is that the secondary steam produced by the evaporator is compressed through the compressor to increase its pressure and temperature, increase the enthalpy, and then be used as the heat source of the evaporator. The latent heat in the secondary steam is fully utilized to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the research results of water evaporative compression system at home and abroad are introduced, and based on the properties of water refrigerant and the characteristics of evaporative recompression system, An open steam recompression heat pump system model for evaporation is established. Under the assumption that the evaporative heat exchanger can fully heat transfer, the power consumption, heat transfer and energy efficiency ratio of the system under different working conditions are analyzed and calculated, and the variation law of the system performance index is obtained. Then, according to the law of change, the optimal system working condition is determined in the practical application process; and based on this optimal condition, the parameters of each point in the stable operation state of the system are calculated. According to these parameters, a preliminary design calculation of the evaporator is carried out, some of its main parameters are determined, and the design of the evaporating device is checked. The heat transfer and energy efficiency ratio of the system are calculated under the exhaust pressure, and the variation law of the system with the compressor pressure ratio is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH38

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