极端振动环境下间歇故障机理及在线诊断技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-20 08:52

  本文选题：极端振动环境 + 间歇故障　； 参考：《国防科学技术大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：装备间歇故障随机性强、持续时间短,且难以发现,危害很大。统计数据与失效分析表明,振动环境应力是导致装备间歇故障主要原因之一,尤其在极端振动环境中,振动随机性更强、应力等级更高,间歇故障问题更加突出。如何在线诊断由极端振动环境应力引发的间歇故障是亟待解决的难点问题。论文针对极端振动环境下装备间歇故障频发的问题,从极端振动环境应力分析的角度出发,系统地分析极端振动环境应力诱发间歇故障模式的机理与规律,建立极端振动环境、装备组件累积损伤、间歇故障三者之间关联关系,研究极端振动环境下基于累积损伤和隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Model,HMM)的间歇故障在线诊断方法。论文的主要研究内容包括:1.极端振动环境应力诱发间歇故障机理与规律分析给出了本文所研究极端振动环境的定义和装备所承受极端振动环境应力的界定范围;系统地分析了极端振动环境应力诱发间歇故障的机理和规律;以装备中某连接组件为例,建立了极端振动环境下的有限元仿真模型,分析了极端振动环境应力关键特征参数(极端振动加速度均方根值、极端振动频率)对连接组件间歇性失效的影响。2.极端振动环境诱发间歇故障关联关系分析针对极端振动环境应力导致装备组件快速累积损伤进而导致间歇故障的机理,提出了极端振动环境下基于弹塑性应力理论的装备组件累积损伤的计算方法;在此基础上,建立了基于HMM的三态(正常态、间歇态、故障态)损伤关联关系模型,该模型描述了极端振动环境应力、组件损伤、组件间歇故障间的关联关系。3.极端振动环境下基于累积损伤的HMM间歇故障在线诊断方法针对极端振动环境所诱发间歇故障时有时无的表现特点,在基于HMM的三态损伤关联关系模型的基础上,从装备组件各状态表现特征和内部累积损伤的角度入手,构建了基于累积损伤的HMM间歇故障诊断模型,优化设计了HMM间歇故障诊断模型参数,提出了基于该模型的间歇故障实时诊断方法,对间歇故障进行实时诊断。4.极端振动环境间歇故障诊断技术验证与应用以某直升机航向姿态系统为对象,设计并实现了具有关键部件累积损伤计算和间歇故障诊断能力的软件,开展了极端振动环境下的应力试验,并通过试验数据分析对本文所研究的间歇故障诊断方法的有效性进行了验证与应用。结果表明,本文所研究方法具有较好的间歇故障实时诊断效果。
[Abstract]:Equipment intermittent fault randomness, short duration, and difficult to find, great harm. The statistical data and failure analysis show that the vibration environment stress is one of the main causes of intermittent fault of equipment, especially in the extreme vibration environment, the vibration randomness is stronger, the stress grade is higher, and the intermittent fault problem is more prominent. How to diagnose intermittent faults caused by extreme vibration environment stress on line is a difficult problem to be solved. In this paper, the mechanism and law of intermittent faults induced by stress in extreme vibration environment are analyzed systematically from the point of view of stress analysis of extreme vibration environment, and the extreme vibration environment is established in view of the frequent occurrence of intermittent faults in equipment under extreme vibration environment. Based on cumulative damage and hidden Markov model (Hidden Markov Model HMMM) in extreme vibration environment, an on-line diagnosis method of intermittent faults based on cumulative damage and intermittent faults of equipment components is studied. The main contents of the thesis include: 1. The mechanism and law of intermittent failure induced by stress in extreme vibration environment are analyzed. The definition of extreme vibration environment studied in this paper and the definition range of extreme vibration environment stress of equipment are given. The mechanism and law of intermittent failure induced by stress in extreme vibration environment are systematically analyzed, and the finite element simulation model of a connection component in equipment is established. The influence of the key characteristic parameters of extreme vibration environment stress (mean square root value of extreme vibration acceleration and extreme vibration frequency) on intermittent failure of connection assembly is analyzed. The relationship Analysis of intermittent faults induced by extreme Vibration Environment aiming at the mechanism of rapid cumulative damage of equipment components caused by extreme vibration environmental stress, the mechanism of intermittent failure is analyzed. A method for calculating cumulative damage of equipment components based on elastic-plastic stress theory in extreme vibration environment is presented, and a damage correlation model of three states (normal, intermittent, fault) based on hmm is established. The model describes the relationship among extreme vibration environment stress, component damage and intermittent failure. An online diagnosis method for intermittent faults based on cumulative damage in extreme vibration environment aiming at the occasional characteristics of intermittent faults induced by extreme vibration environment, a three-state damage correlation model based on hmm is proposed. From the point of view of the state characteristics of equipment components and internal cumulative damage, the intermittent fault diagnosis model of hmm based on cumulative damage is constructed, and the parameters of hmm intermittent fault diagnosis model are optimized. This paper presents a real-time diagnosis method for intermittent faults based on this model. The technology of intermittent fault diagnosis in extreme vibration environment is verified and applied to a helicopter heading attitude system. A software with the capability of cumulative damage calculation of key components and intermittent fault diagnosis is designed and implemented. The stress test in extreme vibration environment is carried out, and the validity of the intermittent fault diagnosis method studied in this paper is verified and applied through the analysis of test data. The results show that the method studied in this paper has a good effect on the real-time diagnosis of intermittent faults.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH17
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本文编号：2043710