低沸点燃油润滑性评估方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 02:18

本文选题：低沸点燃油 + 二甲醚　；参考：《上海交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：二甲醚作为低沸点燃油的典型代表,能从煤、煤层气、天然气、生物质等多种资源制取,特别适合我国煤多油少的能源结构特点,确保我国的能源安全,且能同时降低发动机的NOX和PM排放,满足日益严格的排放法规,是一种极具潜力的柴油机替代清洁燃料。但是,由于DME的润滑性较差且其相关的润滑添加剂评估缺少有效的,准确评估方法,这给DME的广泛使用带来了巨大阻碍。因此,研究适用于低沸点燃油——DME的润滑性评估方法有着重要的现实意义。本文针对此现状做了如下研究: (1)通过分析传统高频往复机的结构原理,明确了传统高频往复机在低沸点燃油润滑性评估方法上的局限性,完成了可加压式高频往复机主体振动部分的设计思路,决定采用固定试验球,振动试验片的结构。在此基础之上进行了可加压高频往复机主体振动部分的结构设计,其中,试验球夹具与加载系统的设计为整个结构设计中的重点和难点,它们的设计决定了整个试验台架大部分的便利性和可靠性;定位片的设计是本试验台架的独创性设计,是优化整个试验台架的关键部件。 (2)为了确定主体振动部分的可靠性,本研究采用可加压高频往复主体振动部分进行了一系列对比试验,主要包括:重复性试验,再现性试验及可分辨性试验。本试验台架的重复性和再现性与较传统往复机相似,引起偏差的主要是因为本试验采用的摩擦副为非标准件,其表面粗糙度及精度比较低,不同摩擦副之间的存在偏差,这些可能是造成本试验台架的重复性和再现性较传统往复机略微偏大的关键因素。本试验台架的可分辨性能较好,能够区分不同载荷,时间及油品条件下的润滑性能。在磨损进入粘着磨损的状态后,由于试验球比试验片硬度高,试验片上会产生磨损颗粒,而这些颗粒会因为振动方向的影响,堆积在沿着振动方向上的试验片磨斑的两侧,而这些颗粒对试验球在沿着振动方向上的磨损有改善作用,类似于石墨对润滑的改善作用。与此同时,本文还发现,在工况一定时,磨损磨斑的加剧过程是先快后慢的,而润滑状态越差,这个快速上升的过程持续的时间越长,最终产生的磨斑直径也就越大。 (3)本研究完成了可加压式高频往复机压力调节腔的结构设计,加工以及装配和调试。主要成果有以下几点:确定了将激振器和摩擦副整体密封的密封方案,并在此方案的基础之上完成了压力腔的功能设计,充分考虑到结构设计中压力腔的功能要求,为下一步的结构设计奠定了基础。同时完成了密封部分的结构设计,并在上海齐耀动力有限公司的指导和帮助下完成了密封部分的整体加工和装配。通过调试,发现本研究所设计的密封部分与振动部分的结合完全可以实现低沸点燃油润滑性的评估,较好的完成了本文的研究任务。综上所述,本文研究出适合评估低沸点燃油润滑性的方法,并通过理论分析和试验研究证明本研究所设计的试验台架适用于低沸点燃油润滑性的评估。
[Abstract]:As a typical representative of low - boiling fuel , dimethyl ether can be prepared from many kinds of resources , such as coal , coal bed gas , natural gas , biomass and so on . It is especially suitable for the energy structure characteristics of coal in our country . It can reduce the NOx and PM emission of the engine at the same time , meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations , and it is a highly potential diesel engine to replace clean fuel . However , because of the poor lubricity of DME and its associated lubrication additive evaluation , it is an important practical significance for the widespread use of DME .

( 1 ) By analyzing the structure principle of the traditional high - frequency reciprocating machine , the limitation of the traditional high - frequency reciprocating machine on the low - boiling point fuel lubricating evaluation method is defined , the design idea of the vibrating part of the main body of the pressurizable high - frequency reciprocating machine is completed , and the structure of the main vibrating part of the pressurizing high - frequency reciprocating machine is designed .

( 2 ) In order to determine the reliability of the vibrating part of the main body , a series of comparative tests are carried out using the vibrating part of the pressurizable high - frequency reciprocating main body . The repeatability and reproducibility of the test stand are similar to those of the conventional reciprocating machine .

( 3 ) The structure design , processing and assembly and debugging of the pressure regulating cavity of the pressurizable high - frequency reciprocating machine have been completed . The main results are as follows : the function design of the pressure chamber is determined and the functional design of the pressure chamber is completed on the basis of this scheme . The structural design of the sealing part is completed , and the integral processing and assembly of the sealing part is completed with the guidance and help of the Shanghai Ziyao Power Co . , Ltd .

In conclusion , the method for evaluating the lubricity of low - boiling fuel oil is studied in this paper , and the theoretical analysis and experimental studies show that the test bed designed by the Institute is applicable to the evaluation of low - boiling fuel lubricity .
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH117.22

【参考文献】