自由活塞发动机液压系统控制设计

发布时间：2018-06-23 20:08

本文选题：自由活塞发动机 + 液压系统　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速发展和工业化进程的加快，社会各领域对动力机械的需求越发呈现多元化的趋势。在过去的一百多年里，传统的往复活塞式内燃机由于结构合理、可靠性好、燃料利用率较高而获得了长足发展，成为交通运输、工程机械、海运等各行业的主要动力装置。自由活塞发动机几乎与传统内燃机同时出现，但是限于当时的工业技术水平以及控制技术，其在相当长的一段时间内并没有得到长足的发展。近些年来，由于传统动力机械消耗了大量的非可再生能源，随之带来的环境污染和能源枯竭问题日益严重，结构简单、能量利用率高的自由活塞发动机重新获得人们的重视，掀起了一轮研发热潮。本文结合已经开发完成的自由活塞发动机样机，对其液压控制系统进行了设计研究。首先针对自由活塞发动机的特点，考虑到活塞位置变化的随机性和灵活性，提出了活塞位置监控和控制的方案，即采用高速直线位移传感器与触发式传感器相结合的办法，两种传感器联动来控制活塞位置，这样保证了活塞位置控制的可靠性和灵活性。其次，根据液压系统的控制要求，完成了电控单元、传感器和执行器的选型，根据控制实际，设计制作了液压控制系统硬件电路，包括电控单元的时钟、电源、复位电路和存储器扩展，模拟信号和数字信号采集模块、功率驱动模块、通信模块等。利用Keil提供的集成开发环境，采用C语言编制调试了控制程序，采用基于模块化的编程原则，将初始化及各功能模块的代码分开编写调试，大大缩短了开发周期和维护成本。提出了各工况下的控制策略，包括液压自由活塞发动机启动控制、失火判断等，然后将所开发的控制系统软硬件结合自由活塞发动机进行了发动机启动实验，经验证，控制系统软硬件基本实现了设计功能，，信号采集准确，功率驱动模块能满足负载要求。活塞组件按预定轨迹运动，在启动压力和流量足够的情况下，能够满足发动机正常工作时的需求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy and the acceleration of industrialization, the demand for power machinery in various fields of society is becoming more and more diversified. In the past 100 years, the traditional reciprocating piston internal combustion engine has gained great development because of its reasonable structure, good reliability and high fuel utilization ratio. It has become the main power device in transportation, construction machinery, marine transportation and other industries. The free piston engine appeared at the same time as the traditional internal combustion engine, but limited to the level of industrial technology and control technology at that time, it did not make great progress in a long period of time. In recent years, due to the large amount of non-renewable energy consumed by traditional power machinery, the problems of environmental pollution and energy depletion are becoming more and more serious, and the free piston engine with simple structure and high energy efficiency has been paid more and more attention. Set off a round of research and development boom. In this paper, the hydraulic control system of the free piston engine has been designed and studied. According to the characteristics of free piston engine and considering the randomness and flexibility of piston position change, the scheme of piston position monitoring and control is put forward, that is, the method of combining high speed linear displacement sensor with trigger sensor is proposed. The piston position is controlled by two sensors, which ensures the reliability and flexibility of piston position control. Secondly, according to the control requirements of the hydraulic system, the selection of the electronic control unit, sensor and actuator is completed. According to the control practice, the hardware circuit of the hydraulic control system is designed and manufactured, including the clock and power supply of the electronic control unit. Reset circuit and memory expansion, analog signal and digital signal acquisition module, power drive module, communication module and so on. By using the integrated development environment provided by Keil, the control program is programmed and debugged by C language, and the code of initialization and each functional module is written and debugged separately, which greatly shortens the development cycle and maintenance cost. The control strategies under various working conditions are put forward, including the starting control of hydraulic free piston engine, the judgment of misfire, etc. Then, the software and hardware of the developed control system are combined with the free piston engine to carry out the engine start-up experiment, which has been verified. The hardware and software of the control system basically realize the design function, the signal collection is accurate, the power drive module can meet the load requirement. The piston assembly moves according to the predetermined trajectory and can meet the requirements of the engine when the starting pressure and flow rate are sufficient.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TK403;TH137

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