基于DSP的轴承振动测量仪设计

发布时间：2018-07-01 10:19

本文选题：滚动轴承 + DSP　；参考：《河南科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：滚动轴承是旋转机械中使用最为普遍的基础零件之一，其质量的好坏将直接影响到机器的工作性能，严重时甚至会引起灾难性事故的发生。因此，为了保证轴承的质量和人身安全，轴承在出厂前必须进行严格的在线检测。目前，国内外都很重视轴承生产的质量问题，然而我国现有的一些振动测量仪检测可靠性不高且检测效率低下，不能满足轴承生产厂家对大批量轴承的检测需要。本课题正是针对目前轴承振动检测仪的不足而提出的。本系统是由DSP和FPGA两大部分组成，DSP选用的是TI公司的TMS320C6713芯片，其高速的信号处理能力可以大大节约运算时间，提高测量的效率。FPGA选用的是Altera公司Cyclone II系列芯片EP2C5Q208C7，，主要进行一些逻辑功能控制。论文在开始先介绍了滚动轴承的振动机理和在时域、频域中的分析方法，包括峰值、有效值、峰值因子、FFT和改进的STFT变换等。接着介绍了振动测量仪的硬件设计部分，结合系统检测需要选取合适的元器件，完成硬件电路设计，并对一些模块的电路和功能做了详细介绍，主要包括AD数据采集电路、DSP外围电路、USB电路、FPGA最小系统电路、电源电路等，完成硬件平台的搭建。在此基础上，论文介绍了测量仪的软件设计部分，对部分模块画出程序流程图或列出了主要设计程序。主要包括DSP中FLASH引导加载，PLL的初始化，AD数据采集的有限状态机实现，FFT的DSP实现等，并按照国标GB/T24610.1-2009对轴承振动测量中三频率带的要求设计了Butterworth带通数字滤波器，实现对轴承低、中、高三频带进行滤波处理，满足国标中对振动轴承测量的要求。最后，经过软硬件调试，将本系统用于轴承振动测试实验中，通过实验验证了本轴承振动测量仪的正确性和实用性，其功能和性能符合国家标准的要求。
[Abstract]:Rolling bearing is one of the most widely used basic parts in rotating machinery. Its quality will directly affect the working performance of the machine and even cause catastrophic accidents when it is serious. Therefore, in order to ensure the bearing quality and personal safety, bearings must be strictly online inspection before leaving the factory. At present, much attention is paid to the quality of bearing production at home and abroad. However, some existing vibration measuring instruments in our country are not reliable and inefficient, which can not meet the needs of bearing manufacturers for mass bearing testing. This subject is aimed at the deficiency of bearing vibration detector at present. This system is composed of DSP and FPGA. The DSP is TMS320C6713 chip of TI company. Its high speed signal processing ability can save operation time greatly. To improve the efficiency of measurement. FPGA is selected by Altera company Cyclone II series chips EP2C5Q208C7, mainly for some logic function control. At the beginning of this paper, the vibration mechanism of rolling bearings and the analytical methods in time domain and frequency domain are introduced, including peak value, effective value, peak factor FFT and improved STFT transform. Secondly, the hardware design of the vibration measuring instrument is introduced. According to the need of system detection, the appropriate components are selected to complete the hardware circuit design, and the circuit and function of some modules are introduced in detail. It mainly includes AD data acquisition circuit, DSP peripheral circuit, USB circuit, FPGA minimum system circuit, power circuit and so on. The hardware platform is built. On this basis, the paper introduces the software design of the measuring instrument, drawing the program flow chart or listing the main design program for some modules. This paper mainly includes the realization of FFT based on the finite state machine (FSM) of initialization and AD data acquisition of flash loading PLL in DSP, and designs Butterworth band-pass digital filter according to GB / T24610.1-2009 requirement of three frequency band in bearing vibration measurement, which realizes low bearing. The medium and high frequency bands are filtered to meet the requirement of vibration bearing measurement in national standard. Finally, the system is used in the bearing vibration test experiment after the debugging of software and hardware. The correctness and practicability of the bearing vibration measuring instrument are verified by the experiment, and its function and performance meet the requirements of the national standard.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.33;TH825

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