铸造起重机桥架参数化建模与子结构应力集中分析

发布时间：2018-07-03 00:24

本文选题：铸造起重机桥架 + 应力集中　；参考：《太原科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：铸造起重机载荷谱系数大、使用频繁、工作环境恶劣，桥架在起吊作业时承受繁重的载荷作用。尤其在兑钢水时，桥架主梁结构直接受到炉口火焰烘烤，其安全性能值得关注。桥架主梁受频繁冲击外载荷时，横向隔板与上翼缘板和腹板的上部连接焊缝、上翼缘板与腹板焊缝以及横隔板与腹板受拉区焊缝极易出现疲劳破坏；主梁跨端截面突变、过渡圆角偏小、炼钢厂生产工艺流程的要求，使跨端截面长期承受交变外载荷导致应力集中；上翼缘板与腹板受压易产生波浪式翘曲导致局部结构失稳；端梁自身变形也对桥架主梁刚度产生影响，由刚度不足引发的事故也时有发生；另外，温度变化直接影响钢材性能，铸造起重机工作环境温度介于-10℃~50℃，所吊运的熔融金属对锻钩、板钩的辐射温度也不超过300℃，钢材屈服点与强度极限基本不变，若桥架受到强烈热辐射致使某表面部位温度接近或超过材料临界温度时，则需设置隔热防护装置，并验证其隔热效果。针对传统计算难以准确评价桥架结构复杂部位应力分布及局部稳定性等问题，本文考虑铸造起重机主梁结构的构造特点，运用APDL参数化语言，并编制了可视化应用软件，实现了整体桥架结构参数化建模。并通过自编软件和有限元软件的对接，完成对不同截面形式、不同跨度的常用铸造起重机桥架主梁结构的多工况静、动力学分析。在此基础上，提炼结构复杂部位细化分析的子模型，，着重研究构造复杂、受力严重部位的应力集中情况。通过以上分析，不仅可以提高桥架结构设计效率，亦可对桥架结构局部构造的合理性进行评价与改进，从而使桥架结构设计得到优化，保证铸造起重机桥架结构的工作安全性。
[Abstract]:in particular , when that main beam of the bridge is subjected to frequent impact external load , the transverse partition plate is connected with the upper part of the upper flange plate and the web plate , and the upper flange plate and the web weld seam and the transverse clapboard and the web tension area weld are extremely easy to cause fatigue damage ;
The cross - section of the main beam is abrupt , the transition angle is small , and the production process flow of the steel - making plant is required , so that the stress concentration caused by the long - term bearing of the alternating external load on the cross - end section is caused ;
the upper flange plate and the web are pressed easily to generate wave - type warpage which leads to instability of the local structure ;
The deformation of the end beam also affects the rigidity of the main beam of the bridge , and accidents caused by insufficient rigidity also occur .
in addition , that temperature change directly affect the steel performance , the working environment temperature of the cast crane is between -10 DEG C and 50 DEG C , the radiation temperature of the suspended molten metal is not more than 300 DEG C , the yield point and the strength limit of the steel material are basically unchanged , and if the temperature of a surface part is close to or exceed the critical temperature of the material when the bridge frame is subjected to intense heat radiation , the heat insulation protection device is required , and the heat insulation effect is verified .

Based on the analysis of the structural characteristics of the main beam structure of the cast crane , the multi - working condition static and dynamic analysis of the main beam structure of the conventional cast crane with different cross sections and different spans is carried out in consideration of the structural characteristics of the main beam structure of the cast crane .
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215

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