基于毛细管节流的阶梯腔动静压轴承静动态特性研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 18:19

本文选题：动静压轴承 + 阶梯效应　；参考：《重庆大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代机械向大型化、高性能、高速化方向发展,动静压径向轴承在各种旋转机械中已经得到了广泛的应用。动静压轴承承载力大,运行稳定可靠,润滑性能直接影响到轴承所支承的机器运行的可靠性和寿命。目前,国内外许多学者也在积极开展动静压轴承的研究工作,但迄今为止,对于动静压轴承的研究尚处于探索阶段,还没有形成相对完善、成熟的理论方法。为了更为有效的利用动静压轴承,研究动静压轴承的内部运行机理和特性,进而优化动静压轴承的结构设计十分必要。本文重点展开对基于毛细管节流的动静压轴承特性的研究,主要研究内容和成果包括以下几个方面: ①分析基于毛细管节流的阶梯腔动静压轴承组成及工作原理,并比较阶梯腔轴承较其它腔形动静压轴承和动压轴承能形成更好的阶梯腔动压效应。建立轴承-主轴系统力学性能的数学模型。 ②基于MATLAB软件,用有限元法对阶梯腔动静压轴承的压力分布进行求解,计算轴承油膜压力分布;比较阶梯腔动静压轴承的阶梯腔深度变化对油膜压力分布的影响,并求出具有最佳阶梯效应的滑动轴承的阶梯腔深度。 ③论述了动静压轴承动力系数(油膜刚度系数和油膜阻尼系数)的形成机理,并利用有限差分法求出了8个动力特性系数。最后根据所求出的动力系数,对轴承进行了稳定性判断。 ④在GAMBIT中建立模拟动静压阶梯腔轴承内部三维流动的数学模型及边界条件,并利用FLUENT软件,选用层流模型,分离式求解器对轴承的压力分布和温度分布进行求解。通过计算实例比较,用FLUENT计算的压力分布和温度分布与数值法计算的结果相近,与实际运行工况比较符合。并分析了轴承的偏心率变化时对最大压力、最大温升、承载力及偏位角的影响。本文开展的基于毛细管节流的阶梯腔动静压轴承的研究方法和研究成果,对于开发新型的动静压轴承可提供参考,对动静压轴承的结构设计及运行状况的研究具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern machinery in the direction of large scale, high performance and high speed, the hydrostatic radial bearing has been widely used in all kinds of rotating machinery. The bearing capacity of the bearing is large, the operation is stable and reliable, and the lubricating performance directly affects the reliability and life of the machine supported by the bearing. At present, many scholars at home and abroad are also actively carrying out the research work of the static and static bearing, but so far, the research of the dynamic and static bearing is still in the exploratory stage, and has not yet formed a relatively perfect and mature theoretical method. In order to make more effective use of the hydrostatic bearing, it is necessary to study the internal operation mechanism and characteristics of the dynamic and static bearing, and then optimize the structure design of the static and static bearing. This paper focuses on the study of the characteristics of the hydrostatic bearing based on capillary throttling. The main research contents and achievements are as follows: 1. The composition and working principle of the stepped hydrostatic bearing based on capillary throttling are analyzed. Compared with other cavity hydrostatic bearing and dynamic bearing, the step cavity bearing can form better dynamic pressure effect. The mathematical model of mechanical properties of bearing-spindle system is established. 2 based on MATLAB software, the pressure distribution of stair hydrostatic bearing is solved by finite element method, and the oil film pressure distribution of bearing is calculated. The influence of the depth of the stepped cavity on the oil film pressure distribution is compared. The depth of step cavity of sliding bearing with optimum step effect is obtained. 3 the forming mechanism of dynamic coefficient (oil film stiffness coefficient and oil film damping coefficient) of hydrostatic bearing is discussed. Eight coefficients of dynamic characteristics are obtained by using the finite difference method. Finally, according to the calculated dynamic coefficient, the stability of the bearing is judged. 4 the mathematical model and boundary conditions of simulating the three-dimensional flow in the static and static pressure stepped cavity bearing are established in gambit, and the laminar flow model is selected by using fluent software. The pressure distribution and temperature distribution of the bearing are solved by a separate solver. Through the comparison of calculation examples, the pressure distribution and temperature distribution calculated by fluent are close to those calculated by numerical method, and are in good agreement with the actual operating conditions. The influence of the eccentricity of bearing on the maximum pressure, maximum temperature rise, bearing capacity and deviation angle is analyzed. In this paper, the research methods and results of step cavity hydrodynamic bearing based on capillary throttling can provide reference for the development of new type of static and dynamic bearing, and have guiding significance for the research of the structure design and operation condition of the static and dynamic bearing.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.36

【引证文献】