我国进口旧机电产品的绿色技术壁垒研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 08:33

本文选题：绿色技术壁垒 + 可持续发展　；参考：《上海交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化和贸易自由化进程的加快，越来越多的国家和地区构建起以技术法规、标准、合格评定程序为主要内容的技术贸易壁垒，来达到保护环境、自然资源以及人类和动植物的生命与健康的“可持续发展”目的。在人类社会面临着日益严重的环境问题和持续发展挑战的今天，世界各国的经济、科技发展却极度不平衡，绿色技术壁垒不仅成为了发达国家实现贸易保护的重要手段，也将是我国在WTO规则下捍卫国家利益、维护公共利益的必然途径。因此，对绿色技术壁垒进行研究具有紧迫性、现实性。我国进口旧机电产品作为工业基础装备中的一部分，在不同时期为弥补国内相关技术、设备的空白，，推动我国工业产业发展起到了不可或缺的补充作用。随着中国的加工贸易持续做强，而一些发达国家的机械制造业处于饱和与转型的过程，我国进口旧机电产品在过去十年里快速增长。这些主要来自美国、日本和欧盟等发达国家或地区的旧机电产品，尤其是二手设备的进口，在很大程度上推进了国内工业企业的技术改造，缩小了某些领域与国外技术水平的差距。但是我们要看到，进口旧机电产品也存在着许多涉及安全、卫生和环保等方面的隐患。进口旧机电产品到货时，不仅以旧充新、质次价高等情况屡有发生，在其安装、调试、生产等过程中也可能造成环境污染的严重后果，甚至危及人类和动植物的生命与健康。所以，开展对我国进口旧机电产品的绿色技术壁垒研究，是为了形成适应国际贸易规则的有效规制体系，实现促进我国工业产业发展与保障人民健康安全、保护生态环境的“双赢”。本文在回顾了绿色技术壁垒的发展和特点、梳理绿色技术壁垒的WTO相关内容与法律规制的基础上，通过分析我国进口旧机电贸易存在的可持续发展矛盾、梳理我国现行进口旧机电产品管理体系、筛选出其中的绿色技术保护措施并与国外发达国家的绿色技术壁垒体系进行对比，来找出我国进口旧机电产品绿色技术壁垒的不成熟之处，从而提出内部管理体制、外部贸易环境、公共社会氛围三个层次的绿色技术保护体系优化策略，为促进我国经济发展、维护公共利益的提供策略参考和操作方案。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization and trade liberalization, more and more countries and regions have set up technical barriers to trade with technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures as the main content, in order to protect the environment. The purpose of sustainable development of natural resources and the life and health of human beings and animals and plants. Today, the human society is facing more and more serious environmental problems and sustainable development challenges, but the economic and technological development of the world is extremely unbalanced. Green technical barriers have not only become an important means for developed countries to realize trade protection. It will also be an inevitable way for our country to defend national interests and protect public interests under WTO rules. Therefore, it is urgent and realistic to study green technical barriers. As a part of the basic equipment of industry, the import of old electromechanical products in China has played an indispensable supplementary role in making up for the blank of domestic related technology and equipment in different periods and promoting the development of industrial industry in our country. As China's processing trade continues to strengthen, and some developed countries' machinery manufacturing industry is in the process of saturation and transformation, China's imports of old mechanical and electrical products have increased rapidly in the past decade. These used mechanical and electrical products, especially the imports of second-hand equipment, mainly from developed countries or regions such as the United States, Japan and the European Union, have to a large extent promoted the technological transformation of domestic industrial enterprises. It has narrowed the gap between the technical level of some fields and that of foreign countries. But we need to see that there are many hidden dangers related to safety, sanitation and environmental protection in the import of old mechanical and electrical products. When imported old mechanical and electrical products arrive, not only old filling, high quality and high price occur frequently, but also serious consequences of environmental pollution may be caused in the process of installation, commissioning and production, even endangering the life and health of human beings and animals and plants. Therefore, to carry out the research on green technical barriers to imported old mechanical and electrical products in China is to form an effective regulatory system adapted to the rules of international trade, to promote the development of China's industrial industry and to ensure the health and safety of the people. "Win-win" to protect the ecological environment. On the basis of reviewing the development and characteristics of green technical barriers, combing the relevant contents of WTO and legal regulations of green technical barriers, this paper analyzes the contradiction of sustainable development in China's import old mechanical and electrical trade. Combing the current management system of imported old mechanical and electrical products in our country, screening out the green technology protection measures among them and comparing them with the green technology barrier system of the developed countries abroad. To find out the immaturity of green technology barrier of imported old mechanical and electrical products in our country, and then put forward the optimization strategy of green technology protection system at three levels of internal management system, external trade environment and public social atmosphere, in order to promote the economic development of our country. Maintain the public interest to provide policy reference and operation plan.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F426.4;F752.02

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