碳纤维增强体回用的机械体系设计与模拟研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 01:31

本文选题：碳纤维复合材料 + 废弃物　；参考：《东华大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳纤维作为一种轻质高强的高性能材料而被广泛应用于航天航空、汽车制造业、建筑、铁路、通讯、医药器材等行业；随着新型飞机和汽车的大量投产及日常生活中“低碳”观念的普及,碳纤维的需求量正在逐年大幅度增加。2007年12月发表的市场研究指出,世界碳纤维需求量将在2006到2014年间成倍增长。尽管碳纤维有众多的优点,但是仍有一个不可回避的问题——碳纤维不可降解。随着其应用量的增加,随之而来的污染问题也日趋严重。在欧洲,每年有将近1100吨的碳纤维复合材料废弃物等待处理。因此,碳纤维的回收利用是一个极具吸引力的市场,它不仅以经济影响为向导,同样由于其对环境的正面影响而受到各国政府的关注。目前,针对碳纤维复合材料废弃物的回用问题,各工业大国都有自己的科研体系,目的是创建最高效和最经济可行的碳纤维回用体系。到目前为止,关于碳纤维回用的研究主要包括粉碎碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP),高温分解碳纤维复合材料,催化分解或在真空环境下分解碳纤维复合材料,流化床处理碳纤维复合材料等等。这些都是基于碳纤维复合材料的回收利用,但当碳纤维复合材料脱去树脂后得到的碳纤维增强体大多数是以织物的形式存在,对于这些碳纤维增强体,目前常用的方法是制成短切纤维再利用,但是在性能上没有竞争优势,使用的领域也有局限性。如何更好的利用这些碳纤维增强体,根据市场需求,将回用碳纤维制成连续碳纤维半成品,或者直接做成其它更有优势的碳纤维增强体结构,使其拥有更具竞争力的性能优势,同时进一步扩大回用碳纤维的应用领域,提高回用碳纤维的使用比重,这是本课题所要解决的问题。本课题基于已经存在的机械原理对碳纤维的回用体系进行了针对性的设计与实验模拟。对于碳纤维增强体的拆分系统,设计了2套机械体系：梳理与精梳的混合机械体系和运输带机械系统。针对碳纤维增强体拆分后的散落碳纤维束,设计了三套再整理系统：空气整理法、半封闭V型槽振动法和一体化振动体系,目的是将其整理成可再次使用的连续顺直的碳纤维纱线。最后,通过原理分析和大量的模拟试验,本课题成功的总结了一套完整的模拟机械体系,但是要实现其自动化后投入生产还需要投入更多的研究。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, construction, railway, communications, medical equipment and other industries as a light, high strength and high performance material. With the mass production of new aircraft and vehicles and the popularization of the concept of "low carbon" in daily life, the demand for carbon fiber is increasing year by year, according to a market study published in December 2007. World demand for carbon fiber will double between 2006 and 2014. Although carbon fiber has many advantages, but there is still an unavoidable problem-carbon fiber non-degradation. With the increase of its application, the pollution problem is becoming more and more serious. In Europe, nearly 1100 tons of carbon fiber composite waste is disposed of each year. Therefore, carbon fiber recycling is an attractive market, which is guided not only by economic impact, but also by governments because of its positive impact on the environment. At present, every industrial country has its own scientific research system in order to create the most efficient and economical carbon fiber reuse system. So far, the research on carbon fiber reuse mainly includes crushing carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), decomposing carbon fiber composites at high temperature, catalyzing decomposition or decomposing carbon fiber composites in vacuum. Fluidized bed treatment of carbon fiber composites and so on. These are based on the recycling of carbon fiber composites, but most of the carbon fiber reinforcements obtained when the carbon fiber composites are removed from the resin are in the form of fabrics, and for these carbon fiber reinforcements, At present, the commonly used method is to make short cut fiber, but there is no competitive advantage in performance, and there are some limitations in the field of use. How to make better use of these carbon fiber reinforcements, according to the market demand, the recycled carbon fiber into continuous carbon fiber semi-finished products, or directly into other more advantageous carbon fiber reinforcement structure, so that it has a more competitive performance advantage, At the same time, the application field of recycled carbon fiber is further expanded, and the proportion of recycled carbon fiber is increased, which is the problem to be solved in this subject. Based on the existing mechanical principle, the paper designs and simulates the reuse system of carbon fiber. For the separation system of carbon fiber reinforcements, two sets of mechanical systems are designed: carding and combing mixed mechanical system and transport belt mechanical system. Three sets of refinishing systems are designed for the scattered carbon fiber bundles after the separation of carbon fiber reinforcements: air finishing method, semi-closed V-groove vibration method and integrated vibration system. The aim is to reorganize it into continuous straight carbon fiber yarns that can be used again. Finally, through the principle analysis and a large number of simulation experiments, this paper successfully summarized a set of complete simulation mechanical system, but to realize its automation and put into production still need to invest more research.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH122

【参考文献】