CLG203OH内燃平衡重式叉车整车结构振动特性及控制措施研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 08:11
【摘要】：车辆在行驶过程中的振动噪声特性直接影响到司乘人员的舒适性,并涉及其动力性和经济性的发挥,影响到零部件的使用寿命。因此它是同类车辆在市场竞争中争取优势的一项重要指标。各种车辆结构不同、使用环境不同、作业对象不同,影响车辆振动的因素也不同。不同于汽车等运输车辆通过弹性减振悬架悬挂,叉车的车架与车桥、传动装置等是直接刚性连接在一起的。由此而导致叉车的振动与噪声问题尤为突出。虽然各叉车制造企业已采取了多种方法,比如在连接部件间设置减振垫减少振动的传播,但由于没有正确掌握减振技术使得应用效果并不明显。有的产品甚至与不加减振垫的情况基本相同,振动、噪声问题并没有改善。因此,应用先进的分析手段对产品进行全面的振动特性研究,进而采取正确的减振措施才是解决问题,避免盲目性的根本途径。 本文的研究内容是企业科研项目《叉车减振降噪整机综合治理应用研究》最核心的部分。本课题研究的目的是为了掌握一套系统的,基于有限元方法的叉车整车建模和振动分析、控制的方法,提高企业的自主开发能力和产品竞争力。 对叉车振动的分析,首先是建立一个有效准确的有限元模型。为此,本文对国内外相关的研究成果进行了全面的分析,为了建立一个准确而有效的有限元模型,将义车分为几个部分,根据各部分的结构特点,用不同类型的网格来划分单元,并在各部件进行初步计算后,建立整车有限元模型。 研究中通过改变发动机与车架的匹配参数,对车架系统进行计算模态分析,掌握了车架系统的固有频率和固有振型。通过对整车模型的模态分析获得了整车结构的振动特性,并掌握了其结构的动态特性。通过模拟发动机主要激励源二级往复惯性力对整车模型的作用,对整车关键位置进行了振动响应计算预测。为了验证有限元分析预测的正确性,对叉车整车进行了振动测试试验,取得了较理想的结果。 根据整车有限元振动分析的结果,对叉车进行了减振措施研究。经过反复计算和整体优化,提出了最终的减振设计方案。其中包括车架与发动机匹配、方向盘匹配、左右箱体匹配等设计改进措施。这些措施已进入工程实施阶段。
[Abstract]:The vibration and noise characteristics of the vehicle in the driving process directly affect the comfort of the riders, and the exertion of its power and economy, as well as the service life of the parts and components. Therefore, it is the same kind of vehicle in the market competition for an important index. Different kinds of vehicles have different structures, different environment, different objects of operation, and different factors affecting vehicle vibration. Different from the suspension of the vehicle by elastic vibration absorption suspension, the frame of the forklift truck is connected with the axle and the transmission device directly and rigidly. As a result, the vibration and noise of forklift truck are especially prominent. Although forklift manufacturers have adopted many methods, such as setting damping pads between connecting parts to reduce vibration propagation, the application effect is not obvious due to the lack of correct vibration absorption technology. Some products are even the same as no damping pad, vibration, noise problems have not improved. Therefore, it is the fundamental way to solve the problem and avoid blindness by using advanced analytical methods to study the vibration characteristics of the products and then take the correct vibration reduction measures. The research content of this paper is the core part of the enterprise scientific research project "Research on the application of the whole machine for vibration and noise reduction of forklift truck". The purpose of this research is to master a set of systematic, finite element method based forklift vehicle modeling and vibration analysis, control methods to improve the independent development ability of enterprises and product competitiveness. In the analysis of forklift vibration, an effective and accurate finite element model is established. In order to establish an accurate and effective finite element model, the vehicle is divided into several parts, according to the structural characteristics of each part. Different types of meshes are used to divide the elements, and after the initial calculation of each component, the finite element model of the whole vehicle is established. By changing the matching parameters of the engine and the frame, the modal analysis of the frame system is carried out, and the natural frequency and mode shape of the frame system are grasped. Through modal analysis of the whole vehicle model, the vibration characteristics of the whole vehicle structure are obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of the structure are grasped. By simulating the effect of the two-stage reciprocating inertial force on the vehicle model, the vibration response of the key position of the vehicle is calculated and predicted. In order to verify the correctness of finite element analysis and prediction, the vibration test of forklift truck was carried out, and the satisfactory results were obtained. According to the results of finite element vibration analysis, the vibration reduction measures of forklift truck are studied. After repeated calculation and overall optimization, the final design scheme of vibration absorption is put forward. Including frame and engine matching, steering wheel matching, left and right box matching and other design improvement measures. These measures have entered the stage of project implementation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH242
本文编号：2121020
[Abstract]:The vibration and noise characteristics of the vehicle in the driving process directly affect the comfort of the riders, and the exertion of its power and economy, as well as the service life of the parts and components. Therefore, it is the same kind of vehicle in the market competition for an important index. Different kinds of vehicles have different structures, different environment, different objects of operation, and different factors affecting vehicle vibration. Different from the suspension of the vehicle by elastic vibration absorption suspension, the frame of the forklift truck is connected with the axle and the transmission device directly and rigidly. As a result, the vibration and noise of forklift truck are especially prominent. Although forklift manufacturers have adopted many methods, such as setting damping pads between connecting parts to reduce vibration propagation, the application effect is not obvious due to the lack of correct vibration absorption technology. Some products are even the same as no damping pad, vibration, noise problems have not improved. Therefore, it is the fundamental way to solve the problem and avoid blindness by using advanced analytical methods to study the vibration characteristics of the products and then take the correct vibration reduction measures. The research content of this paper is the core part of the enterprise scientific research project "Research on the application of the whole machine for vibration and noise reduction of forklift truck". The purpose of this research is to master a set of systematic, finite element method based forklift vehicle modeling and vibration analysis, control methods to improve the independent development ability of enterprises and product competitiveness. In the analysis of forklift vibration, an effective and accurate finite element model is established. In order to establish an accurate and effective finite element model, the vehicle is divided into several parts, according to the structural characteristics of each part. Different types of meshes are used to divide the elements, and after the initial calculation of each component, the finite element model of the whole vehicle is established. By changing the matching parameters of the engine and the frame, the modal analysis of the frame system is carried out, and the natural frequency and mode shape of the frame system are grasped. Through modal analysis of the whole vehicle model, the vibration characteristics of the whole vehicle structure are obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of the structure are grasped. By simulating the effect of the two-stage reciprocating inertial force on the vehicle model, the vibration response of the key position of the vehicle is calculated and predicted. In order to verify the correctness of finite element analysis and prediction, the vibration test of forklift truck was carried out, and the satisfactory results were obtained. According to the results of finite element vibration analysis, the vibration reduction measures of forklift truck are studied. After repeated calculation and overall optimization, the final design scheme of vibration absorption is put forward. Including frame and engine matching, steering wheel matching, left and right box matching and other design improvement measures. These measures have entered the stage of project implementation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH242
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