面向可靠性和振动特性的TBM主轴承结构设计
发布时间：2018-07-28 08:39
【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,世界各国不断地增加对地下空间的开发利用,全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)作为高效、安全、绿色的掘进设备已成为首先的硬岩隧道成形设备,且具有十分广阔的市场前景。主驱动主轴承作为掘进主机的关键承载部件,特殊的工作环境要求其具有高安全性、稳定性、可靠性,因此在传统主轴承设计理论和方法的基础上进行考虑主轴承可靠性和稳定性的结构设计研究显得十分必要,这也是行业内企业对于主轴承设计重点关注的新方向之一。本文根据主轴承设计早期载荷信息缺乏的特点,从刀盘动态掘进载荷仿真入手,对掘进过程中主轴承的应力谱进行预测,进而通过随机应力下结构疲劳可靠度计算模型和系统元件失效相关特征建立了主轴承系统的动态可靠度预测方法。在研究主轴承系统的刚度特性基础上,对时变载荷激励下的主轴承振动程度进行分析,并根据主轴承结构参数与其振动特征参数的映射关系,建立考虑结构疲劳可靠性和振动特征的结构参数优化设计模型。 论文的具体工作和主要内容可以做如下描述： (1)根据掘进机连续掘进特点,建立考虑复合地层、刀盘刀具布局、刀具切削载荷和刀盘复合载荷计算的刀盘载荷时间历程的模拟方法。以刀盘载荷为输入条件,根据主轴承系统结构特征对参数非对称的主轴承进行静态载荷及应力分布计算,并编制动态载荷下的应力谱,运用雨流计数法进行多工况处理与合成,得到便于进行疲劳可靠性分析的应力分布的关键参数。 (2)以应力强度干涉模型为基础,进行随机外部载荷下的主轴承疲劳可靠度预测,通过强度的非线性退化理论和材料本身的分散性研究结构的剩余强度时间历程。采用JC法计算主轴承结构的可靠度,并根据系统内失效关系建立了基于关联矩阵和布尔函数的系统可靠度计算方法。 (3)研究主轴承振动的形成及衡量振动程度的参数,借助滚子滚道的接触模型建立与疲劳可靠性匹配的系统动力学模型。通过系统动力学关键参数的分析研究,确定了以滚子滚道接触刚度和阻尼为基础的等效动力学模型和方程。 (4)以主轴承的疲劳可靠度和振动程度为目标,系统整体的设计要求为约束,建立主轴承结构参数优化模型。为了验证本文理论及方法的系统、全面和有效性,以某引水工程为例进行分析,优化结果表明在保证体积不增加的前提下,优化后主轴承的疲劳可靠度和振动程度均有明显的改善,为系统结构参数优化提供了具有实际意义的参考。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the development and utilization of underground space have been increasing in various countries in the world. As an efficient, safe and green tunneling equipment, the full-section rock tunneling machine (TBM) has become the first hard rock tunnel forming equipment. And has a very broad market prospects. As the key bearing part of the main driving engine, the main bearing has high safety, stability and reliability due to its special working environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the structure design of the main bearing based on the traditional design theory and method of main bearing, which is one of the new directions that enterprises in the industry pay more attention to the design of the main bearing. According to the lack of early load information in the design of the main bearing, the stress spectrum of the main bearing in the driving process is predicted from the dynamic driving load simulation of the cutter head. Then the dynamic reliability prediction method of the main bearing system is established by means of the structural fatigue reliability calculation model under random stress and the failure correlation characteristics of the system components. Based on the study of the stiffness characteristics of the main bearing system, the vibration degree of the main bearing under time-varying load excitation is analyzed, and the mapping relationship between the structural parameters of the main bearing and the vibration characteristic parameters of the main bearing is given. The optimum design model of structural parameters considering fatigue reliability and vibration characteristics is established. The specific work and main contents of the paper can be described as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of continuous tunneling of roadheader, the layout of cutting tools with composite strata and cutters is established. The method of simulating the time history of cutting load and composite load of cutter head is presented. According to the structural characteristics of the main bearing system, the static load and stress distribution of the main bearing with asymmetric parameters are calculated, and the stress spectrum under the dynamic load is compiled, and the rain flow counting method is used to deal with and synthesize the stress spectrum under the dynamic load. The key parameters of stress distribution for fatigue reliability analysis are obtained. (2) based on the stress intensity interference model, the fatigue reliability of main bearing under random external load is predicted. The residual strength time history of the structure is studied by the nonlinear degradation theory of strength and the dispersion of the material itself. JC method is used to calculate the reliability of the main bearing structure, and the reliability calculation method based on the correlation matrix and Boolean function is established according to the failure relation in the system. (3) the formation of the vibration of the main bearing and the parameters to measure the vibration degree are studied. The contact model of roller raceway is used to establish a system dynamic model matching fatigue reliability. Based on the analysis and study of the key parameters of system dynamics, the equivalent dynamic model and equation based on the contact stiffness and damping of roller raceway are established. (4) the fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing are taken as the objectives. The overall design requirement of the system is constrained, and the structural parameters optimization model of the main bearing is established. In order to verify the system of the theory and method in this paper, a water diversion project is taken as an example. The optimization results show that the volume is not increased. The fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing after optimization are obviously improved, which provides a practical reference for the optimization of the system structural parameters.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U455.31;TH133.3
本文编号：2149532
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the development and utilization of underground space have been increasing in various countries in the world. As an efficient, safe and green tunneling equipment, the full-section rock tunneling machine (TBM) has become the first hard rock tunnel forming equipment. And has a very broad market prospects. As the key bearing part of the main driving engine, the main bearing has high safety, stability and reliability due to its special working environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the structure design of the main bearing based on the traditional design theory and method of main bearing, which is one of the new directions that enterprises in the industry pay more attention to the design of the main bearing. According to the lack of early load information in the design of the main bearing, the stress spectrum of the main bearing in the driving process is predicted from the dynamic driving load simulation of the cutter head. Then the dynamic reliability prediction method of the main bearing system is established by means of the structural fatigue reliability calculation model under random stress and the failure correlation characteristics of the system components. Based on the study of the stiffness characteristics of the main bearing system, the vibration degree of the main bearing under time-varying load excitation is analyzed, and the mapping relationship between the structural parameters of the main bearing and the vibration characteristic parameters of the main bearing is given. The optimum design model of structural parameters considering fatigue reliability and vibration characteristics is established. The specific work and main contents of the paper can be described as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of continuous tunneling of roadheader, the layout of cutting tools with composite strata and cutters is established. The method of simulating the time history of cutting load and composite load of cutter head is presented. According to the structural characteristics of the main bearing system, the static load and stress distribution of the main bearing with asymmetric parameters are calculated, and the stress spectrum under the dynamic load is compiled, and the rain flow counting method is used to deal with and synthesize the stress spectrum under the dynamic load. The key parameters of stress distribution for fatigue reliability analysis are obtained. (2) based on the stress intensity interference model, the fatigue reliability of main bearing under random external load is predicted. The residual strength time history of the structure is studied by the nonlinear degradation theory of strength and the dispersion of the material itself. JC method is used to calculate the reliability of the main bearing structure, and the reliability calculation method based on the correlation matrix and Boolean function is established according to the failure relation in the system. (3) the formation of the vibration of the main bearing and the parameters to measure the vibration degree are studied. The contact model of roller raceway is used to establish a system dynamic model matching fatigue reliability. Based on the analysis and study of the key parameters of system dynamics, the equivalent dynamic model and equation based on the contact stiffness and damping of roller raceway are established. (4) the fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing are taken as the objectives. The overall design requirement of the system is constrained, and the structural parameters optimization model of the main bearing is established. In order to verify the system of the theory and method in this paper, a water diversion project is taken as an example. The optimization results show that the volume is not increased. The fatigue reliability and vibration degree of the main bearing after optimization are obviously improved, which provides a practical reference for the optimization of the system structural parameters.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U455.31;TH133.3
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