基于虚拟样机技术的斗轮堆取料机结构动力学研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 08:14

【摘要】：斗轮堆取料机是连续式散货堆取料工艺的核心,拥有较高的生产效率。在取料过程中,悬臂梁在斗轮周期性挖掘阻力作用下的动态响应严重影响着整机结构的性能和寿命。当斗轮堆取料机受到一定频率的外载时,可能使整机结构发生共振,从而导致斗轮堆取料机结构的失效或更为严重的倒塌事故。因此,对斗轮堆取料机结构进行动力学特性的研究分析有着重要的作用和意义。 对于斗轮堆取料机结构的设计,传统的设计方法是首先对结构进行基于静力学的设计,然后对物理样机进行试验,而有些试验是破坏性的。在试验中发现了设计缺点并进行完修改之后,再重新设计或者维修好物理样机再试验。如此反复的设计过程制造出了高成本、长周期的产品。 本文的研究对象为粤电集团珠海发电厂的DQL3000/3000·50型斗轮堆取料机,是由日本三菱重工制造并于1998年投产的大型煤炭装卸机械。该机结构系统较为复杂,本文运用刚柔耦合的建模方法对斗轮堆取料机整机进行动力学仿真计算,获得了斗轮堆取料机在各种工况运行过程中关键参数的变化情况。本文针对斗轮堆取料机动力学计算所关心的问题作了以下几个方面的工作： (1)斗轮堆取料机结构刚柔耦合建模技术的研究。利用Solidworks、 ANSYS、ADAMS等机械设计辅助软件建立斗轮堆取料机结构的刚柔耦合多体动力学模型。根据斗轮堆取料机的实际工作情况,对斗轮堆取料机模型进行合理的约束,并施加相应的挖掘阻力和各工作机构的驱动函数。 (2)对斗轮堆取料机进行典型作业工况下的动力学仿真计算。通过对斗轮堆取料机整机不同工况下的动力学仿真计算结果的分析,首先研究了悬臂梁在自重作用下的振动特性和水平激振特性；然后分别研究了斗轮堆取料机在回转、调车以及变幅三个工况下的动力学响应特性,获得了柔性体结构上关键节点的应力值以及斗轮机结构上特征点的位移振动曲线。通过对获取的参数进行了合理的分析,验证了基于虚拟样机技术的斗轮堆取料机动力学设计的优越性。 本文将虚拟样机技术应用于斗轮堆取机这一庞大而又复杂的结构动态特性分析,是一项复杂而又艰巨的任务,也是一次有意义的尝试。本文的动力学计算结果和方法也为之后对斗轮堆取料机结构的设计提供有价值的参考。
[Abstract]:Bucket wheel stacker is the core of the continuous bulk stacking process with high production efficiency. The dynamic response of cantilever beam under the action of periodic excavating resistance of bucket wheel seriously affects the performance and life of the whole machine structure. When the bucket wheel stacker is subjected to a certain frequency of external loading, the structure of the bucket wheel stacker may resonate, resulting in the failure of the structure of the bucket wheel stacker or the more serious collapse accident. Therefore, it is very important to study and analyze the dynamic characteristics of bucket wheel stacker. For the structure design of bucket wheel stacker, the traditional design method is to design the structure based on statics first, and then to test the physical prototype, some of which are destructive. The defects of the design are found in the experiment, and then the physical prototype is redesigned or maintained. Such repeated design processes produce high-cost, long-term products. The research object of this paper is DQL3000/3000 50 bucket wheel stacker in Zhuhai Power Plant of Guangdong Power Group. It is a large coal loading and unloading machine manufactured by Mitsubishi heavy Industry of Japan and put into production in 1998. The structure system of this machine is more complicated. In this paper, the dynamic simulation calculation of the bucket wheel stacker is carried out by using the rigid-flexible coupling modeling method, and the variation of the key parameters of the bucket wheel stacker during the operation process is obtained. In this paper, the following work has been done on the dynamic calculation of bucket wheel stacker: (1) the rigid-flexible coupling modeling technology of bucket wheel stacker. The rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics model of bucket wheel stacker was established by using Solidworks, ANSYS Adams and other mechanical design aids. According to the actual working conditions of bucket wheel stacker, the model of bucket wheel stacker is reasonably constrained. The corresponding excavation resistance and the driving function of each working mechanism are applied. (2) the dynamic simulation of bucket wheel stacker under typical working conditions is carried out. Based on the analysis of the dynamic simulation results of the bucket wheel stacker under different working conditions, the vibration characteristics and horizontal excitation characteristics of the cantilever beam under the action of self-weight are studied firstly, and then the rotation of the bucket wheel stacker is studied respectively. The dynamic response characteristics under shunting and variable amplitude conditions are obtained. The stress values of key nodes in flexible body structure and the displacement vibration curves of characteristic points on bucket wheel structure are obtained. Through the reasonable analysis of the obtained parameters, the superiority of dynamic design of bucket wheel stacker based on virtual prototyping technology is verified. In this paper, the application of virtual prototyping technology to the analysis of the large and complex structure dynamic characteristics of bucket wheel stacker is a complex and arduous task as well as a meaningful attempt. The results and methods of dynamic calculation in this paper also provide a valuable reference for the design of bucket wheel stacker structure.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH24;TH237.1

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