双通道机壳振动监控仪表的研究及实现

发布时间：2018-07-29 14:30

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展,旋转机械日趋大型化、自动化和智能化。尤其是随着计算机技术的发展,各种机械设备越来越复杂,各种机械产生的故障越来越多,越来越大。机壳振动监控仪表用于实时监测旋转机械的由于转子的不平衡、不对中、机件松动、滚动轴承损坏、齿轮损坏等引起的绝对振动增大。大型机械设备的振动保护监测对于保障机械设备的可靠性,保障人员生命,减少经济损失具有重要的意义。例如,发电机组,压缩机以及泵,齿轮箱,鼓风机等旋转机械设备。本文主要是以研究旋转机械的机壳振动为研究对象,从系统需求出发研究与开发旋转机械振动在线监控仪表,通过对旋转机械振动在线监测系统的国内外研究状况进行深入了解,在对旋转机械的常见故障类型及故障原因的全面分析的基础上,旋转机械振动在线监测系统主要分为两部分进行设计,即硬件电路部分和软件部分。硬件部分包括振动传感器信号的滤波、放大、积分、隔直等预处理模拟电路、控制报警继电器输出的电路、实时显示电路、实现通讯和高速总线监控的通讯电路、振动数据存储电路和CPU控制电路。软件部分包括Modbus协议解析处理程序模块、CAN高速总线通讯控制模块、数据存储管理部分、实时显示振动值模块、信号标定程序模块和重要的振动算法实现模块。经过本次设计,双通道监测机壳振动监控仪表能够同时测量两个通道的振动信号,主要分X方向的振动和Y方向的振动,以便维修人员可以更准确的检测到大型机械故障所在。进一步加强对旋转机械振动保护的研究,最终可以设计出高质量,高可靠性的产品,为我国振动监测保护行业贡献力量,在将来,大型旋转机械的监测装置都能够使用国产的监测设备,为我国节省更多资金。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, rotating machinery is becoming large, automatic and intelligent. Especially with the development of computer technology, all kinds of machinery become more and more complex, and more faults occur. The shell vibration monitoring instrument is used to monitor the absolute vibration of rotating machinery in real time due to the imbalance and misalignment of the rotor, the loosening of the machine parts, the damage of rolling bearings, the damage of gears, etc. The vibration protection and monitoring of large mechanical equipment is of great significance to guarantee the reliability of machinery and equipment, protect the life of personnel and reduce the economic loss. For example, generating sets, compressors, pumps, gear boxes, blower and other rotating machinery. In this paper, the vibration of rotating machinery is studied as the object of study, and the on-line monitoring instrument for vibration of rotating machinery is researched and developed according to the system requirements. Based on the deep understanding of the domestic and international research situation of the on-line vibration monitoring system of rotating machinery, the common fault types and the causes of the faults of rotating machinery are comprehensively analyzed. The on-line vibration monitoring system of rotating machinery is mainly divided into two parts: hardware circuit and software. The hardware part includes pre-processing analog circuit of vibration sensor signal, such as filtering, amplifying, integrating, isolating and so on, controlling the output circuit of alarm relay, real-time displaying circuit, realizing communication and communication circuit of high speed bus monitoring. Vibration data storage circuit and CPU control circuit. The software includes Modbus protocol analysis program module and can high-speed communication control module, data storage and management module, real-time display vibration value module, signal calibration program module and important vibration algorithm implementation module. After this design, the vibration monitoring instrument can measure the vibration signals of two channels at the same time, mainly divided into X direction vibration and Y direction vibration, so that the maintainers can more accurately detect the fault location of large machinery. By further strengthening the research on vibration protection of rotating machinery, we can eventually design high quality and high reliability products, which will contribute to the vibration monitoring and protection industry in our country in the future. Large rotating machinery monitoring devices can use domestic monitoring equipment, saving more money for our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学（工程管理与信息技术学院）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH165.3;TH702

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