600吨格构式双小车龙门起重机结构设计及分析

发布时间：2018-08-07 20:50

【摘要】：龙门起重机是现代造船业必不可少的起重设备。现代造船的大分段建造发展趋势，对龙门起重机的起重量、起升高度、跨度等技术指标提出了更高的要求。目前国内大吨位大跨度的龙门起重机采用的都是箱型主梁结构，该种结构相对较简单，而且具有较高的主梁刚度。但是对于在沿海地区露天工作的龙门起重机，箱型结构的迎风面积大，所受风载较大，而且该结构的主梁自重大，自身的安装不易。相比较而言，格构式结构的龙门起重机风的通过性好，因此所受风载较小，而且格构式结构可以采用标准节安装的形式，可有效降低自身安装的难度。但是格构式结构较复杂，而且主梁刚度较箱型结构要差，因此其对于结构形式以及金属材料等有更高要求。本文将对600吨格构式双小车龙门起重机的金属结构进行设计及分析。对龙门起重机进行了总体方案设计，包括几何参数、工作等级以及结构形式的确定等，明确了龙门起重机的设计准则和载荷组合。在完成总体设计之后，对主起升机构进行详细的设计计算，为后期的起重机金属结构的设计做铺垫。根据强度、稳定性等原则对龙门起重机金属结构进行设计计算。对于有多种结构形式的主梁、刚性支腿、柔性支腿等，分别对其进行受力分析和设计计算。通过比较质量、强度、刚度等得出较优的设计方案，，并确定了最后的设计方案以及金属结构截面尺寸。将确定的金属结构进行必要的化简，用ANSYS建立了龙门起重机的有限元模型，分析了龙门起重机可能的危险工况，对起重机的金属结构进行了静力学和动力学分析。通过校核强度、刚度以及稳定性，对龙门起重机的结构尺寸进行了一定的修改，得出了较优的设计方案。通过分析起重机的模态以及碰撞特性，获得起重机的动态性能，为企业提供参考性数据。
[Abstract]:Gantry crane is an indispensable lifting equipment in modern shipbuilding industry. The development trend of large section construction of modern shipbuilding puts forward higher requirements for the lifting weight, height and span of gantry crane. At present, the gantry cranes with large tonnage and large span adopt box girder structure, this kind of structure is relatively simple and has high stiffness of main girder. However, for gantry cranes working in the open air in coastal areas, the windward area of the box structure is large and the wind load is large. Moreover, the main girder of the structure is of great importance and its installation is not easy. By comparison, the gantry crane with latticed structure has good wind passing performance, so the wind load is less, and the lattice structure can be installed in the form of standard section, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of installation. However, the lattice structure is more complex, and the stiffness of the main beam is worse than that of the box structure, so it has higher requirements for the structural form and metal materials. In this paper, the metal structure of 600 ton latticed double gantry crane is designed and analyzed. The overall scheme design of gantry crane is given, including the determination of geometric parameters, working grade and structure form, and the design criteria and load combination of gantry crane are clarified. After the completion of the overall design, the main lifting mechanism is designed and calculated in detail to pave the way for the later design of the crane metal structure. According to the principle of strength and stability, the metal structure of gantry crane is designed and calculated. For the main beam, rigid leg, flexible leg and so on, the stress analysis and design calculation are carried out. By comparing the mass, strength and stiffness, the optimal design scheme is obtained, and the final design scheme and the section size of the metal structure are determined. The finite element model of gantry crane is established by ANSYS. The possible dangerous conditions of gantry crane are analyzed. The statics and dynamics of metal structure of crane are analyzed. By checking the strength, stiffness and stability, the structure size of gantry crane is modified, and a better design scheme is obtained. By analyzing the mode and impact characteristics of crane, the dynamic performance of crane is obtained, which provides reference data for enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH213.5

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