基于有限元分析的结构稳健优化设计技术

发布时间：2018-08-19 16:04

【摘要】：结构优化设计已经成为工业界和学术界的研究热点，而研究重点主要在于如何提高设计的效率和精度。一种较新的模仿蜜蜂采蜜行为的元启发式优化算法--蜂群算法，被应用于解决机械结构件的优化设计问题。先由试验设计和序列响应面法构建目标函数及约束条件的代理模型，再应用改进蜂群算法求解最优设计。在优化过程中调用的是满足精度要求的代理模型，大大减少了有限元计算次数，提高了优化效率。选取典型实例对该方法进行验证，预期值与实际值相比较的结果表明该方法具备了足够的求解精度，能够满足工程实际要求。稳健优化设计可以减小产品的质量波动，增强设计的健壮性。研究了区间型不确定因素的性质，提出了代理模型方法、区间分析和改进蜂群算法相结合的稳健优化设计方法。选取典型实例对上述方法进行验证，通过将稳健优化结果与结构优化设计结果相比较可知，虽然牺牲了产品的一部分性能指标，但增加了质量指标的稳健性和设计变量的可靠度，且该稳健优化设计方法得到的预期值和实际值的误差控制在一定的容差范围之内。针对结构优化设计和稳健优化设计的效率问题，，提出了基于有限元分析过程参数化的优化技术。利用Open CASCADE几何造型平台开发参数化有限元软件平台，实现了几何模型参数化、网格模型参数化和属性数据参数化等功能，能够一次建模完成多次有限元计算，并提取所需的有限元分析结果作为样本数据点构建代理模型，将得到的代理模型通过不同的数学处理分别应用到结构优化设计和稳健优化设计中。通过实例证明此方法具有良好的运行效率和运行效果，对实际工程问题的优化设计有很大的帮助。
[Abstract]:Structural optimization design has become a hot topic in industry and academia, and the research focus is mainly on how to improve the efficiency and precision of design. A new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, which simulates honeybee honey gathering behavior, is applied to the optimization design of mechanical structures. The agent model of objective function and constraint condition is constructed from experimental design and sequential response surface method, and then the improved bee colony algorithm is applied to solve the optimal design. In the process of optimization, the proxy model that meets the precision requirement is called, which greatly reduces the times of finite element calculation and improves the efficiency of optimization. A typical example is selected to verify the method. The comparison between the expected value and the actual value shows that the method has enough accuracy to meet the practical engineering requirements. Robust optimization design can reduce product quality fluctuation and enhance design robustness. In this paper, the properties of interval type uncertainties are studied, and the agent model method, the robust optimal design method based on interval analysis and improved bee colony algorithm are proposed. A typical example is selected to verify the above method. By comparing the robust optimization result with the structural optimization design result, although some performance indexes of the product are sacrificed, However, the robustness of the quality index and the reliability of the design variables are increased, and the error between the expected value and the actual value obtained by the robust optimization design method is controlled within a certain tolerance range. Aiming at the efficiency of structural optimization design and robust optimization design, a parameterized optimization technique based on finite element analysis (FEM) is proposed. The parameterized finite element software platform is developed by using Open CASCADE geometric modeling platform. The functions of parameterization of geometric model, parameterization of mesh model and parameterization of attribute data are realized. The required finite element analysis results are extracted as sample data points to construct the agent model. The agent model is applied to structural optimization design and robust optimization design by different mathematical processing. Examples show that this method has good running efficiency and effect, and it is very helpful to the optimization design of practical engineering problems.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH122

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