基于振动信号分析的往复式压缩机状态监测与评估技术

发布时间：2018-09-01 13:41

【摘要】：往复机械广泛应用在工业、农业、交通运输、国防以及科学研究等各个领域中,其具有结构复杂,激励源多等特点,在实际生产中,一旦发生故障,不仅会影响工业生产过程,造成巨大损失,还会带来一系列安全问题。因此,为了保证机组安全运行,生产企业急需一套经济、可靠的往复压缩机故障诊断系统对压缩机故障进行早期预测、监测及诊断。机械设备的状态检测与评估是识别设备运行状态的科学,它研究的对象是机器或机组运行状态的变化在诊断信息中的反映,研究内容包括设备运行过程中的监测,运行发展趋势的预测以及运行现状的识别诊断三个方面。随着新理论、新技术和新方法不断涌现和日趋完善,机械设备的状态检测与评估技术得到了快速发展,此项技术已基本形成了一个学科体系,走向一条良性循环的发展道路。本文首先在查阅了大量文献的基础上,综合分析了机械设备故障诊断技术的基本理论、基本方法,介绍了压缩机故障诊断技术的发展状况及主要问题。其次,介绍了2D12型往复式压缩机的结构,对其主要部件的常见故障进行了机理分析,并针对不同故障采用不同的故障诊断方法进行信号分析和故障特征提取,建立一套适用于往复式压缩机的故障诊断系统。最后本文在压缩机状态预测方面做了一些尝试,利用Lyapunov指数预测模型对往复压缩机的状态趋势进行了短期和中期的预测,并取得了较好的效果。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating machinery is widely used in many fields, such as industry, agriculture, transportation, national defense and scientific research. It has the characteristics of complex structure and many incentive sources. In actual production, once failure occurs, it will not only affect the process of industrial production. Cause huge loss, also can bring a series of safety problems. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of the unit, production enterprises urgently need a set of economic and reliable reciprocating compressor fault diagnosis system for early prediction, monitoring and diagnosis of compressor faults. The condition detection and evaluation of mechanical equipment is the science of identifying the operating state of the equipment. The object of its research is the reflection of the change of the running state of the machine or the unit in the diagnosis information. The research content includes the monitoring during the operation of the equipment. The forecast of the development trend of operation and the recognition and diagnosis of operation status. With the rapid development of new theory, new technology and new methods, the state detection and evaluation technology of mechanical equipment has been developed rapidly. This technology has basically formed a discipline system and moved towards a virtuous cycle of development. In this paper, the basic theory and method of mechanical equipment fault diagnosis technology are analyzed, and the development and main problems of compressor fault diagnosis technology are introduced. Secondly, the structure of 2D12 reciprocating compressor is introduced, the mechanism of common faults of its main components is analyzed, and different fault diagnosis methods are used for signal analysis and fault feature extraction for different faults. A fault diagnosis system for reciprocating compressors is established. Finally, this paper makes some attempts in the compressor state prediction, using the Lyapunov exponent prediction model to predict the state trend of reciprocating compressor in the short and medium term, and has achieved good results.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45;TH165.3

【参考文献】