装载机驱动桥动力学特性分析与桥壳疲劳寿命预测
发布时间：2018-09-01 20:11
【摘要】：装载机属于铲土运输类工程机械，具有作业速度快、效率高、机动性好等优点，因而成为工程现场施工的主要机种之一。驱动桥作为装载机传动系统的关键结构部件，准确的激励载荷分析和动力学响应分析是进行驱动桥动态特性分析的基础，利用虚拟样机技术来分析预测驱动桥传动部件的动力学响应可以提高其传动性能、缩短研发周期等；驱动桥桥壳支撑着装载机的荷重，并将载荷传给车轮，并且承受来自路面和装载机本身的各种冲击和作用，根据实践总结，引起桥壳破坏的主要形式是交变载荷作用下损伤长期积累而导致的疲劳失效。 本文以装载机驱动桥为研究对象，结合浙江省科技厅重大科技专项项目（2009C11111）“轮式装载机驱动桥关键技术研究与产业化”，对ZL50型驱动桥进行了动力学特性分析及桥壳疲劳寿命预测的研究。首先利用UG建立了驱动桥各零部件的三维实体模型并进行装配，进行了其运动学和动力学理论分析。考虑了桥壳和半轴的柔性效应，通过建立桥壳和半轴的模态中性文件将其作为柔性体，并根据装载机某种实际行驶工况，建立轮胎和路面谱，在Adams中得到驱动桥刚柔耦合多体动力学仿真模型，并进行了运动学和动力学仿真分析，得到了驱动桥传动系的一些动态特性，仿真结果与理论吻合。由于装载机行驶工况比较复杂，本文针对驱动桥通过某种仿真路面的动力学分析对主要承载部件驱动桥壳进行了动态安全性分析，得到其动载荷文件，结合Ansys对桥壳进行了有限元静力学分析，利用分析结果得到的桥壳的应力谱，在nSoft的疲劳分析模块中，对桥壳进行了基于有限元模型的疲劳寿命预估，得到了桥壳疲劳寿命云图及最低疲劳寿命。 针对上述桥壳疲劳寿命理论的计算结果，本文对装载机驱动桥桥壳的实际工况进行了动力学测试，对采集到的载荷数据进行了详细的分析，利用Nsoft的数据处理模块，对测试数据进行了雨流计数处理，，得到其各采样点应力-时间历程的雨流/损伤直方图和损伤时间历程，并进行了基于实测载荷谱的桥壳疲劳寿命计算分析，最后与理论计算的结果进行了比较。 本文对装载机驱动桥的动力学特性分析及桥壳疲劳寿命预测的研究为进一步进行驱动桥优化设计打下了基础,也为其它车辆机械零部件的动力学特性分析和抗疲劳设计提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Loader is a kind of construction machinery of shoveling and transportation, which has the advantages of fast working speed, high efficiency, good mobility and so on, so it has become one of the main construction machines in engineering field. As the key structural component of the loader transmission system, the driving axle is based on the accurate analysis of the excitation load and the dynamic response of the drive axle. Using virtual prototyping technology to analyze and predict the dynamic response of drive axle transmission components can improve its transmission performance, shorten the research and development period, etc. The drive axle housing supports the load of the loader and passes the load to the wheel. And bear all kinds of impact and action from road surface and loader itself. According to practice, the main form of bridge shell failure is fatigue failure caused by long-term accumulation of damage under alternating load. This paper takes the loader drive axle as the research object, combined with the important science and technology special project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Department (2009C11111), "the key Technology Research and industrialization of the Wheel Loader Drive Axle", The dynamic characteristics of ZL50 type drive axle and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied. Firstly, the 3D solid model of the parts of the drive axle is built and assembled by UG, and the kinematics and dynamics theory is analyzed. Considering the flexibility effect of axle shell and axle, the modal neutral file of bridge housing and half shaft is established as flexible body, and the tire and road surface spectrum are established according to some actual driving condition of loader. The multi-body dynamics simulation model of rigid and flexible coupling of drive axle is obtained in Adams. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis are carried out, and some dynamic characteristics of drive axle transmission system are obtained. The simulation results are in agreement with the theory. Because the driving condition of loader is quite complex, the dynamic safety analysis of driving axle shell of main bearing parts is carried out through dynamic analysis of some kind of simulated road surface in this paper, and the dynamic load file is obtained. The finite element static analysis of the bridge shell is carried out with Ansys. The fatigue life of the bridge shell is predicted based on the finite element model in the fatigue analysis module of nSoft by using the stress spectrum of the bridge shell obtained from the analysis results. The fatigue life cloud diagram and the minimum fatigue life of the bridge shell are obtained. According to the calculation results of the fatigue life theory of the axle housing mentioned above, the dynamic test of the actual working condition of the axle shell of the loader drive axle is carried out in this paper, the load data collected is analyzed in detail, and the data processing module of Nsoft is used. The rain flow / damage histogram and damage time history of each sampling point are obtained by rain flow counting, and the fatigue life of the bridge shell is calculated and analyzed based on the measured load spectrum. Finally, the results are compared with the theoretical results. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the drive axle of the loader and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied, which lays a foundation for the further optimization design of the drive axle. It also provides reference for dynamic characteristic analysis and fatigue resistance design of other vehicle mechanical parts.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH243
本文编号：2218224
[Abstract]:Loader is a kind of construction machinery of shoveling and transportation, which has the advantages of fast working speed, high efficiency, good mobility and so on, so it has become one of the main construction machines in engineering field. As the key structural component of the loader transmission system, the driving axle is based on the accurate analysis of the excitation load and the dynamic response of the drive axle. Using virtual prototyping technology to analyze and predict the dynamic response of drive axle transmission components can improve its transmission performance, shorten the research and development period, etc. The drive axle housing supports the load of the loader and passes the load to the wheel. And bear all kinds of impact and action from road surface and loader itself. According to practice, the main form of bridge shell failure is fatigue failure caused by long-term accumulation of damage under alternating load. This paper takes the loader drive axle as the research object, combined with the important science and technology special project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Department (2009C11111), "the key Technology Research and industrialization of the Wheel Loader Drive Axle", The dynamic characteristics of ZL50 type drive axle and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied. Firstly, the 3D solid model of the parts of the drive axle is built and assembled by UG, and the kinematics and dynamics theory is analyzed. Considering the flexibility effect of axle shell and axle, the modal neutral file of bridge housing and half shaft is established as flexible body, and the tire and road surface spectrum are established according to some actual driving condition of loader. The multi-body dynamics simulation model of rigid and flexible coupling of drive axle is obtained in Adams. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis are carried out, and some dynamic characteristics of drive axle transmission system are obtained. The simulation results are in agreement with the theory. Because the driving condition of loader is quite complex, the dynamic safety analysis of driving axle shell of main bearing parts is carried out through dynamic analysis of some kind of simulated road surface in this paper, and the dynamic load file is obtained. The finite element static analysis of the bridge shell is carried out with Ansys. The fatigue life of the bridge shell is predicted based on the finite element model in the fatigue analysis module of nSoft by using the stress spectrum of the bridge shell obtained from the analysis results. The fatigue life cloud diagram and the minimum fatigue life of the bridge shell are obtained. According to the calculation results of the fatigue life theory of the axle housing mentioned above, the dynamic test of the actual working condition of the axle shell of the loader drive axle is carried out in this paper, the load data collected is analyzed in detail, and the data processing module of Nsoft is used. The rain flow / damage histogram and damage time history of each sampling point are obtained by rain flow counting, and the fatigue life of the bridge shell is calculated and analyzed based on the measured load spectrum. Finally, the results are compared with the theoretical results. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the drive axle of the loader and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied, which lays a foundation for the further optimization design of the drive axle. It also provides reference for dynamic characteristic analysis and fatigue resistance design of other vehicle mechanical parts.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH243
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 周尧;高频冲击下凿岩台车钻臂动态特性研究[D];西南交通大学;2013年
本文编号：2218224
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