生产大纲分解和多车间关联优化排产方法的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-09-05 19:08

【摘要】：对于国内的整车制造企业而言,同一企业的制造分厂遍布于全国各地的现象已经普遍出现,制造资源的分散给企业的管理水平带来了极大的考验。本文从集约企业资源,提升运营效率,节约生产成本出发,归纳出现有的“企业集团—制造分厂—生产线”三层管理模式的弊端,提出用协同制造的思想整合企业集团的4大业务平台,使生产线直接参与到企业集团生产大纲的分解过程中去,解决了生产线产能利用率不平衡,资源不能统一调度的问题。此外本文还利用禁忌—递阶遗传算法对一类典型的此问题进行了求解,求解的结果证明在不同的市场需求下,生产线的负荷均衡度和生产成本均有较为显著的改善;禁忌—递阶遗传算法也是一种十分有效的求解算法。混流生产线由于涉及到的车型众多,每种车型所需要的零部件种类和数量都非常庞大,所以其生产计划的制定相对而言更为复杂,因此保持一个稳定、平顺的生产计划可以有效的规避生产的波动。本文从保持生产线生产计划的稳定性出发,利用冲压、焊装、涂装、总装4大工艺车间之间的缓冲区的水池效应,使生产的波动在上下游车间的传递过程中得到衰减或屏蔽。由于每个工艺车间的生产特点都不同,本文分析了各自的特点,然后针对性的提出了各个工艺车间生产计划制定的目标和约束,然后提出了一种工艺车间滚动计划动态自动排产系统,并且建立了四大工艺车间的滚动计划排程的数学模型,从而有效的解决了生产波动在整条生产线逐级传递的问题。最后本文的研究成果已经在海马汽车MES系统中得到验证和实施。一方面本文提出的禁忌—递阶遗传算法在求解实际问题时,表现出来良好的效果,另一方面,本文提出的4大工艺车间关联滚动生产计划排程模型也有效削弱了生产波动在工艺车间之间的传递。
[Abstract]:For domestic automobile manufacturing enterprises, the phenomenon that the manufacturing plants of the same enterprise have spread all over the country has been widely appeared, and the dispersion of manufacturing resources has brought a great test to the management level of enterprises. From the view of intensive enterprise resources, improving operation efficiency and saving production cost, this paper sums up the malpractice of the three-layer management mode of "enterprise group, manufacturing branch factory and production line". The idea of collaborative manufacturing is used to integrate the four business platforms of enterprise group, so that the production line is directly involved in the decomposing process of enterprise group production outline, and the problems of production line capacity utilization ratio imbalance and resources can not be unified scheduling are solved. In addition, the Tabu-hierarchical genetic algorithm is used to solve this kind of typical problem. The results show that the load balance and production cost of the production line are improved significantly under different market demand. Tabu-hierarchical genetic algorithm is also a very effective algorithm. Because there are so many models involved in the mixed-flow production line, and the types and quantities of components required for each type of vehicle are very large, the formulation of its production plan is relatively more complicated, so it remains stable. Smooth production planning can effectively avoid production fluctuations. In order to maintain the stability of production plan of production line, the pool effect of buffer zone between stamping, welding, coating and final assembly is used in this paper, so that the fluctuation of production can be attenuated or shielded in the transmission process of upstream and downstream workshops. Because the production characteristics of each process workshop are different, this paper analyzes their own characteristics, and then puts forward the objectives and constraints of each process workshop production plan. Then a dynamic automatic production scheduling system for rolling planning of process workshop is proposed, and the mathematical model of rolling planning scheduling of four major process workshops is established, which effectively solves the problem that the fluctuation of production is transmitted step by step in the whole production line. Finally, the research results of this paper have been verified and implemented in the hippocampal automobile MES system. On the one hand, the Tabu-hierarchical genetic algorithm proposed in this paper shows good results in solving practical problems, on the other hand, The four related rolling production scheduling models proposed in this paper also effectively weaken the transfer of production fluctuations between the process workshops.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH186

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