多种控制高压柱塞泵设计及实验研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 21:19

【摘要】：随着制造业的发展，液压技术近年来发展很快，在各个领域得到了广泛的应用，已成为现在传动与控制的主要技术手段。柱塞泵是液压传动的核心元件，其性能的好坏直接影响整个液压系统，因此对柱塞泵的性能要求越来越高。本文以多种控制高压柱塞泵为研究对象，对关键的摩擦副进行研究和分析，通过Matlab软件仿真以及ANSYS软件进行结构强度的分析，得到了其运动变化曲线以及受力的情况，并且得到了配流盘的结构应力和应变的云图。目的是为了提高柱塞泵的工作性能以及延长其寿命，研究的主要内容和结果如下：（1）对国内外的柱塞泵进行了结构分析，，通过对比它们的性能，确定了本文研究的柱塞泵的结构、控制方式及相关参数（柱塞泵的工作压力、排量及主轴转速）。利用数学模型确定了柱塞的个数以及斜盘的倾斜角度，进一步分析了柱塞的个数和斜盘的倾斜角度是否取值合理，结果是合理的；（2）计算了多种控制高压柱塞泵的关键零部件的基本尺寸，主要为了分析其运动过程以及动力学分析，利用Matlab仿真柱塞在缸体孔中运动位移的变化，并且计算了滑靴在斜盘上的速度是符合实际情况；（3）通过对柱塞和滑靴的受力分析建立了数学模型再次证明了柱塞的个数和倾斜角选择合适，并且用Matlab仿真柱塞的比压和比功的变化，其最大值在许用范围内。为了提高多种控制高压柱塞泵的容积效率，进一步研究了柱塞和缸体孔的泄漏流量与缸体孔的转角的关系，通过Matlab仿真了其曲线图，确定了其间隙在10~15μm范围内其泄漏流量是较小的，为了得到这个间隙对柱塞和缸体的加工工艺进行了详细的分析；（4）配流盘与缸体的摩擦副相当重要，故对配流盘的结构进行了分析，并且在以往的配流盘的结构基础上进行了结构改进，采用了ANSYS软件分析配流盘有无加强筋的应力和应变情况，从等效应力云图可以得出有加强筋的结构的应力和应变要小得多。结果表明改进后的配流盘性能更好，延长了其寿命；（5）多种控制方式的实现，利用了PPCAD绘出了其正流量、压力切断以及恒功率的控制方式原理图，并且详细的阐述了这三种控制方式是如何实现的；（6）此泵是建立在原有的基础上进行设计的，其最终的产品是否符合工作的需求，进一步对其实验测试进行研究，通过油泵的测试实验台完成多种控制高压柱塞泵的实验，记录了其实验的结果与理论数据的对比，得出了其工作性能良好。通过对多种控制高压柱塞泵进行了设计和实验研究，为今后的柱塞泵的发展提供了具有使用价值的参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry, hydraulic technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and has been widely used in various fields. It has become the main technical means of transmission and control. Piston pump is the core component of hydraulic transmission, its performance directly affects the whole hydraulic system, so the performance of piston pump is more and more demanding. In this paper, a variety of controlled high pressure piston pumps are taken as the research object. The key friction pairs are studied and analyzed. Through the simulation of Matlab software and the analysis of structural strength by ANSYS software, the motion curve and the force are obtained. The structure stress and strain of the flow plate are obtained. In order to improve the working performance and prolong the life of piston pumps, the main contents and results are as follows: (1) the structure of piston pumps at home and abroad is analyzed, and their performances are compared. The structure, control mode and related parameters (working pressure, displacement and spindle speed) of the piston pump studied in this paper are determined. The number of plungers and the inclined angle of the tilting disk are determined by the mathematical model, and the number of plungers and the tilting angle of the tilting disk are further analyzed, and the results are reasonable. (2) the basic dimensions of the key parts of various control high pressure piston pumps are calculated. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the motion process and dynamics of the piston pump, and to simulate the displacement change of the plunger in the cylinder hole by Matlab. The speed of sliding boots on the sloping disk is calculated in accordance with the actual situation. (3) by analyzing the force of plunger and sliding shoe, the mathematical model is established again to prove that the number of plungers and the selection of inclination angle are suitable. The variation of specific pressure and specific work of plunger is simulated by Matlab, and its maximum value is within the allowable range. In order to improve the volumetric efficiency of various high pressure piston pumps, the relationship between the leakage flow rate of plunger and cylinder bore and the rotation angle of cylinder bore is further studied. The curves are simulated by Matlab. It is determined that the leakage flow rate of the gap is small in the range of 10 ~ 15 渭 m. In order to obtain the clearance, the machining technology of plunger and cylinder block is analyzed in detail. (4) the friction pair between the flow distribution disk and the cylinder block is very important. Therefore, the structure of the disc is analyzed, and the structure of the disc is improved on the basis of the previous structure. The stress and strain of the plate are analyzed with ANSYS software. It can be concluded from the equivalent stress cloud diagram that the stress and strain of structures with stiffeners are much smaller. The results show that the improved disc has better performance and prolongs its life. (5) the realization of various control methods is realized, and the principle diagram of positive flow rate, pressure cut off and constant power control mode is drawn by using PPCAD. And elaborated in detail how these three control methods are realized; (6) this pump is based on the original foundation carries on the design, its final product conforms to the work demand, further carries on the research to its experiment test, The experiment of controlling high pressure piston pump is completed by the oil pump test bench. The results of the experiment are compared with the theoretical data, and the results show that the performance of the pump is good. Through the design and experimental study of many kinds of controlled high pressure piston pumps, it provides a valuable reference for the development of piston pumps in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH322

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