非道路车辆液压机械无级变速器设计及变量泵控制性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-13 19:27
【摘要】：液压机械无级变速器(Hydro-mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission,简称HMCVT)采用液压功率流和机械功率流双流传动,依靠液压传动的可控调速和机械传动相结合实现无级变速。该传动装置应用于非道路大功率车辆上不仅能够提高其动力性、燃油经济性,同时还能大幅降低实际操作的复杂性。本课题分析了机械和液压功率流分流和汇流的方式,提出并优选了液压机械无级变速器的设计方案,建立了所设计方案的理论模型并完成了其关键参数的确定；在此基础上,完成了整套产品图纸的绘制,并最终研制出试验样机,申请了2项专利；建立了该液压机械无级变速器的仿真模型,详细分析了该样机的传动特性；最后搭建了液压泵控制系统试验台,研究了变量泵控制系统的性能。所完成的主要工作归纳如下：1.基于定轴齿轮副和行星齿轮机构分流和汇流的特点,综合出了可作为液压机械传动结构的6种分速汇矩型和6种分矩汇速型组合方案,建立了其总传动比理论模型,并借助MATLAB软件分析了在不同行星排特性参数下总传动比与排量比的关系,分析了6种分矩汇速型组合方案的转速、转矩和功率特性。分析结果表明：分矩汇速型组合方案的总传动比与排量比呈线性关系,且传动比变化范围较大,适合作为液压机械传动分流和汇流的组合形式。2.基于单排行星齿轮机构,提出了3种单排汇流的液压机械无级变速器方案,建立了传动比理论模型并分析了各区段下速度衔接的条件,结果表明仅仅依靠单行星排汇流尚不能实现液压机械传动的无级变速功能。基于双排行星齿轮机构的汇流原理,综合出8种双排汇流方式,对此8种方案的可行性进行了分析,研究得到双排汇流HI方案(液压功率流从公用太阳轮输入,机械功率流通过前圈后架输入,通过前行星排行星架或者后行星排齿圈向后输出)适合作为液压机械无级变速器的双排汇流形式。提出了3种双排汇流型等比式传动的整体设计方案,通过对比其优缺点,确定了本文方案——双排汇流后定轴输出式方案,并针对此方案申请了专利。3.针对所优选的设计方案,建立了其输出转速理论模型,在此基础上推导了等比传动条件下和各段速度相连条件下的传动比参数关系。在确定了等比式传动公比值、汇流行星排特性参数和液压系统元件的基础上,基于最小传动比确定了各区段传动比参数的理论值,并结合变速器受载情况确定了齿轮参数。借助MATLAB软件分析了传动比和整车行驶速度随排量比的变化关系,分析结果表明：理论上设计的传动比参数不仅能实现各段之间的平稳衔接,而且能实现液压机械段的最低和最高行驶速度。4.根据该变速器的使用工况,确定了离合器的转速转矩要求,设计了离合器的联接结构,并研制出离合器。提出并优选了双行星汇流排的结构,并针对此结构申请了专利。设计了轴、汇流后输出结构及箱体结构,提出了一种具有支撑、润滑及冷却差动轮系的结构,利用三维建模软件Solidworks对所设计的液压机械元级变速器进行了干涉分析,完成整套产品图纸的绘制,并最终研制出了该无级变速器的试验样机。5.利用动力学仿真平台SimulationX建立了发动机实验模型、液压泵一马达仿真模型、离合器控制模型、双汇流排传动模型,并验证了各模型的正确性和可行性；在此基础上,对该液压机械无级变速器的传动特性进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明：实际上设计的变速器能实现无级变速的功能,在发动机不同工况下均能实现连续换段。6.搭建了变量泵控制系统试验台,开发了变量泵控制系统测控程序,研究了变量泵的控制性能。研究得到：所采用的变量泵电控方式能良好实现变量泵的双向排量变化,通过调节比例电磁铁的通电电压,能良好控制液压马达的正反转和转速变化。通过本课题的研究,为后续开展该液压机械无级变速器的特性试验和控制奠定了坚实的基础,为后续研究各区段换段平顺性和液压系统的平稳性提供理论依据和技术支持,对促进液压机械无级变速器在车辆传动系统中的应用、提高车辆动力性和经济性等具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission (HMCVT) adopts hydraulic power flow and mechanical power flow double-flow transmission, and realizes stepless speed change by means of controllable speed regulation of hydraulic transmission and mechanical transmission. The transmission device is applied to non-road high-power vehicles, not only can improve the dynamic property and the fuel economy of the non-road high-power vehicle, but also can greatly reduce the complexity of practical operation. In this paper, the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission is put forward and the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is put forward and the key parameters are determined according to the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical stepless speed changer. On the basis of this, the drawing of the whole product drawing is completed. Finally, a prototype is developed, two patents are applied, a simulation model of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is established, and the transmission characteristics of the prototype are analyzed in detail. Finally, a hydraulic pump control system test bed is constructed, and the performance of the variable pump control system is studied. The main work done is summarized as follows: 1. Based on the characteristics of split-flow and bus-bus of fixed-shaft gear pair and planetary gear mechanism, six kinds of split-speed and six-moment junction-speed type combination schemes which can be used as hydraulic mechanical transmission structure are comprehensively developed, and the theoretical model of its total transmission ratio is established. The relationship between total transmission ratio and displacement ratio under different planetary row characteristic parameters is analyzed with MATLAB software, and the speed, torque and power characteristics of six kinds of moment-junction box-speed combination schemes are analyzed. The results show that the ratio of total transmission ratio is linear with the displacement ratio, and the change range of transmission ratio is large. It is suitable to be used as a combined form of hydraulic mechanical transmission shunt and bus. Based on the single row planetary gear mechanism, three hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission schemes with single row and single row are put forward, the theoretical model of transmission ratio is established and the condition of speed connection in each section is analyzed. The results show that the stepless speed-changing function of hydraulic mechanical transmission can not be realized by simply relying on single-row star-row bus. Based on the bus principle of double-row planetary gear mechanism, the feasibility of eight schemes is analyzed, the feasibility of the eight schemes is analyzed, and the two-row bus HI scheme is obtained (hydraulic power flow is input from common sun gear, mechanical power flows through the front ring rear frame input, the rear output) is suitable as a double-row bus form of a hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission by means of a front planetary row carrier or a rear planet row tooth ring. Based on the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of double-row bus-type transmission, this paper has determined the output scheme of this paper by comparing its advantages and disadvantages, and applied the patent for this scheme. According to the optimized design scheme, the theoretical model of the output speed is established, and the relationship between the transmission ratio parameters under the condition of equal ratio transmission and the speed of each section is derived. On the basis of determining the ratio of equal-to-ratio transmission, the characteristic parameters of the bus-bus and the components of the hydraulic system, the theoretical value of the transmission ratio parameters of each section is determined based on the minimum transmission ratio, and the gear parameters are determined according to the loading condition of the transmission. With the aid of MATLAB software, the relationship between the gear ratio and the running speed of the whole vehicle with the displacement ratio is analyzed. The result shows that the theoretically designed ratio parameter can not only achieve the smooth connection between the sections, but also the lowest and maximum running speed of the hydraulic mechanical section. According to the operating condition of the transmission, the torque request of the clutch is determined, the coupling structure of the clutch is designed, and the clutch is developed. The structure of a dual planetary bus is proposed and described, and a patent is applied to this structure. The structure of shaft, bus output structure and box structure is designed, a structure with support, lubrication and cooling differential gear train is put forward, and the design hydraulic mechanical element grade transmission is analyzed by 3D modeling software Solidworks, and the drawing of the whole set of product drawings is finished. Finally, the prototype of the continuously variable transmission was developed. The engine experiment model, the hydraulic pump-motor simulation model, the clutch control model and the double-bus transmission model are established by using the dynamic simulation platform SimulationX, and the correctness and feasibility of each model are verified. On the basis of this, A simulation analysis of the transmission characteristics of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is carried out. The simulation results show that the continuously variable transmission function can be realized under different working conditions of the engine, and the continuous changing section can be realized under different working conditions of the engine. A variable pump control system test bed was built, and the control program of variable pump control system was developed, and the control performance of variable pump was studied. The research results show that the variable pump electric control mode can realize the variable pump's two-way displacement change well, and can control the positive and reverse rotation speed variation of the hydraulic motor well by adjusting the power-on voltage of the proportional electromagnet. Through the research of this project, it lays a solid foundation for the following development of the characteristic test and control of the hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission, which provides theoretical basis and technical support for the subsequent study of the smoothness of each section and the stability of the hydraulic system. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to promote the application of hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission in vehicle transmission system, improve the power and economy of vehicle, etc.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.46;TH137
本文编号：2269666
[Abstract]:Hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission (HMCVT) adopts hydraulic power flow and mechanical power flow double-flow transmission, and realizes stepless speed change by means of controllable speed regulation of hydraulic transmission and mechanical transmission. The transmission device is applied to non-road high-power vehicles, not only can improve the dynamic property and the fuel economy of the non-road high-power vehicle, but also can greatly reduce the complexity of practical operation. In this paper, the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission is put forward and the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is put forward and the key parameters are determined according to the design scheme of the hydraulic mechanical stepless speed changer. On the basis of this, the drawing of the whole product drawing is completed. Finally, a prototype is developed, two patents are applied, a simulation model of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is established, and the transmission characteristics of the prototype are analyzed in detail. Finally, a hydraulic pump control system test bed is constructed, and the performance of the variable pump control system is studied. The main work done is summarized as follows: 1. Based on the characteristics of split-flow and bus-bus of fixed-shaft gear pair and planetary gear mechanism, six kinds of split-speed and six-moment junction-speed type combination schemes which can be used as hydraulic mechanical transmission structure are comprehensively developed, and the theoretical model of its total transmission ratio is established. The relationship between total transmission ratio and displacement ratio under different planetary row characteristic parameters is analyzed with MATLAB software, and the speed, torque and power characteristics of six kinds of moment-junction box-speed combination schemes are analyzed. The results show that the ratio of total transmission ratio is linear with the displacement ratio, and the change range of transmission ratio is large. It is suitable to be used as a combined form of hydraulic mechanical transmission shunt and bus. Based on the single row planetary gear mechanism, three hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission schemes with single row and single row are put forward, the theoretical model of transmission ratio is established and the condition of speed connection in each section is analyzed. The results show that the stepless speed-changing function of hydraulic mechanical transmission can not be realized by simply relying on single-row star-row bus. Based on the bus principle of double-row planetary gear mechanism, the feasibility of eight schemes is analyzed, the feasibility of the eight schemes is analyzed, and the two-row bus HI scheme is obtained (hydraulic power flow is input from common sun gear, mechanical power flows through the front ring rear frame input, the rear output) is suitable as a double-row bus form of a hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission by means of a front planetary row carrier or a rear planet row tooth ring. Based on the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of double-row bus-type transmission, this paper has determined the output scheme of this paper by comparing its advantages and disadvantages, and applied the patent for this scheme. According to the optimized design scheme, the theoretical model of the output speed is established, and the relationship between the transmission ratio parameters under the condition of equal ratio transmission and the speed of each section is derived. On the basis of determining the ratio of equal-to-ratio transmission, the characteristic parameters of the bus-bus and the components of the hydraulic system, the theoretical value of the transmission ratio parameters of each section is determined based on the minimum transmission ratio, and the gear parameters are determined according to the loading condition of the transmission. With the aid of MATLAB software, the relationship between the gear ratio and the running speed of the whole vehicle with the displacement ratio is analyzed. The result shows that the theoretically designed ratio parameter can not only achieve the smooth connection between the sections, but also the lowest and maximum running speed of the hydraulic mechanical section. According to the operating condition of the transmission, the torque request of the clutch is determined, the coupling structure of the clutch is designed, and the clutch is developed. The structure of a dual planetary bus is proposed and described, and a patent is applied to this structure. The structure of shaft, bus output structure and box structure is designed, a structure with support, lubrication and cooling differential gear train is put forward, and the design hydraulic mechanical element grade transmission is analyzed by 3D modeling software Solidworks, and the drawing of the whole set of product drawings is finished. Finally, the prototype of the continuously variable transmission was developed. The engine experiment model, the hydraulic pump-motor simulation model, the clutch control model and the double-bus transmission model are established by using the dynamic simulation platform SimulationX, and the correctness and feasibility of each model are verified. On the basis of this, A simulation analysis of the transmission characteristics of the hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission is carried out. The simulation results show that the continuously variable transmission function can be realized under different working conditions of the engine, and the continuous changing section can be realized under different working conditions of the engine. A variable pump control system test bed was built, and the control program of variable pump control system was developed, and the control performance of variable pump was studied. The research results show that the variable pump electric control mode can realize the variable pump's two-way displacement change well, and can control the positive and reverse rotation speed variation of the hydraulic motor well by adjusting the power-on voltage of the proportional electromagnet. Through the research of this project, it lays a solid foundation for the following development of the characteristic test and control of the hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission, which provides theoretical basis and technical support for the subsequent study of the smoothness of each section and the stability of the hydraulic system. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to promote the application of hydraulic mechanical stepless transmission in vehicle transmission system, improve the power and economy of vehicle, etc.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.46;TH137
【参考文献】
中国博士学位论文全文数据库 前1条
1 葛召炎;汽车发动机的变结构控制和智能控制方法研究[D];湖南大学;2003年
中国硕士学位论文全文数据库 前2条
1 王振峰;液压机械无级变速系统设计及转速控制系统研究[D];西北农林科技大学;2006年
2 纪绪北;液压机械无级变速器的特性分析和应用仿真[D];吉林大学;2009年
，本文编号：2269666
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/jixiegongcheng/2269666.html
