双导程直线接触偏置蜗杆传动性能分析与研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 16:29

【摘要】：锥蜗杆传动是一种空间交错轴传动，它的应用范围很广，，尤其是在有传递功率大、结构紧凑、运转平稳、抗冲击强度高以及侧隙可调、传动比为中等或中等以上等要求的情况下，其优势就更加明显。目前锥蜗杆传动的最主要的形式为阿基米德螺旋线锥蜗杆，其齿面为圆柱螺旋面，由于形成齿面的曲面沿直母线的法线方向是扭曲的，所以大多是不可展曲面，虽然迄今为止我们已经有许多先进的设计及计算工具，但其设计制造仍是非常复杂的，也是基于此齿面的高精加工也变得更加困难，这对传动性能的提高有很大的限制，我们意识到出现这种困难的根本原因，是没有采用一种能同时满足传动要求和适合加工的的齿形。本课题研究的双导程直线接触偏置蜗杆传动正是克服了上述的齿面缺点，采用圆柱螺旋渐开面作为齿面，因其是可展曲面，具有传动原理简单，设计、加工制造简单等优点. 双导程直线接触偏置蜗杆传动是一种新型的偏置蜗杆传动方式，其传动原理是基于空间相错轴圆柱螺旋齿轮传动原理，齿面是圆柱螺旋渐开面，特点是具有双导程，能实现内啮合传动和外啮合传动的双向传动，蜗轮与蜗杆的瞬时接触状态是直线接触。本文研究的内容主要有以下几个方面： 1．论证了双导程偏置蜗杆传动蜗杆副内外啮合齿面的形成原理，以及内外啮合传动的传动原理，另外还分析了其运动过程。 2．首先在不考虑摩擦力的情况下对双导程偏置蜗杆传动装置内外啮合传动时啮合点分别进行受力分析，然后分析内外啮合传动时，蜗轮、蜗杆分别作为主动轮时，齿间的摩擦力状况。 3．分析了双导程偏置蜗杆传动的主要失效形式，探究了蜗轮、蜗杆齿面的接触疲劳强度和弯曲强度的计算方法，并与传统的锥蜗杆作出比较，最后得出双导程偏置蜗杆传动承载能力较大的结论。 4．对双导程偏置蜗杆传动的自锁性能进行分析，得出在蜗轮主动，蜗杆被动时会出现自锁的结论，并求出要实现自锁条件相应的螺旋角大小。进行传动实验，从技术上验证双导程偏置蜗杆传动原理的正确性，可行性。
[Abstract]:The conical worm drive is a kind of space staggered shaft transmission, which has a wide range of applications, especially when the transmission power is large, the structure is compact, the operation is stable, the impact strength is high and the clearance is adjustable. Transmission ratio for medium or more requirements, its advantages are more obvious. At present, the main form of conical worm transmission is Archimedes helical cone worm, and its tooth surface is cylindrical helical surface. Because the surface of tooth surface is twisted along the normal direction of the straight busbar, so it is mostly non-developable surface. Although so far we have many advanced design and calculation tools, the design and manufacture of them are still very complicated, and the high precision machining based on this tooth surface becomes more difficult, which has great limitations on the improvement of transmission performance. We realize that the root cause of this difficulty is the absence of a tooth profile that meets both transmission requirements and machining requirements. The double lead linear contact offset worm drive studied in this paper overcomes the shortcomings of the tooth surface mentioned above. The cylindrical helical involute surface is used as the tooth surface, because of its developable surface, it has the advantages of simple transmission principle, simple design, simple manufacture and so on. Double lead linear contact offset worm drive is a new type of offset worm transmission. Its driving principle is based on the principle of spatial misalignment cylindrical helical gear transmission, the tooth surface is cylindrical helical involute face, and its characteristic is that it has double lead. It can realize the two-way transmission of internal meshing transmission and external meshing transmission, and the instantaneous contact state between worm gear and worm gear is straight line contact. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The forming principle of internal and external meshing tooth surface of double lead offset worm gear pair and the driving principle of internal and external meshing drive are demonstrated. In addition, the motion process is also analyzed. 2. Firstly, the forces on the meshing point of the double lead offset worm drive are analyzed when the internal and external meshing transmission is not considered, and then the worm gear is analyzed when the internal and external meshing drive is engaged. 3. The main failure modes of double lead offset worm drive are analyzed, and the calculation methods of contact fatigue strength and bending strength of worm gear and worm tooth surface are discussed. Compared with the traditional cone worm, the conclusion that the double lead offset worm drive has a large bearing capacity is obtained. 4. The self-locking performance of the double lead offset worm transmission is analyzed, and it is concluded that the worm gear is active. The conclusion of self-locking will appear when worm is passive, and the corresponding spiral angle of self-locking condition should be obtained. The transmission experiment is carried out to verify the correctness and feasibility of the principle of double lead offset worm gearing.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.44

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