基于ZigBee技术的塔机群防碰撞系统设计

发布时间：2018-10-26 10:50

【摘要】：随着建筑业的快速发展，建筑施工机械——塔式起重机（简称塔机）的应用越来越广泛。塔机工作重心高、起重量大、运行速度快，且施工现场经常需要同时布置多台塔机近距离交叉作业，这样塔机与塔机之间、塔机与周围固定障碍物之间就有可能发生碰撞，这给塔机的安全施工作业带来种种隐患，因此对塔机群防碰撞控制系统的研究具有重要现实意义。本文在分析和总结当前塔机监控系统设计开发现状的基础上，，结合嵌入式技术、传感器技术、短距离无线通讯技术，设计开发了一种基于ZigBee技术的塔机群防碰撞控制系统。系统以ARM9微控制器为核心，实现了对塔机吊重高度、回转角度、幅度等状态的在线监测和预警信息处理。论文还对塔机群之间无线通讯组网方式和塔机运行状态信息无线传输协议进行了讨论和分析。利用全双工的无线通讯模块实现塔机群状态信息的交互，分析了建筑工地上塔机可能发生的几种碰撞模式，建立了分布式塔机群防碰撞控制模型。根据塔机群防碰撞控制系统对实时性的要求，整个系统由信号采集处理模块、ARM9微处理器模块、无线通讯模块、报警系统、数据存储模块、输出控制模块、人机交互模块组成。以WINCE6.0操作系统为平台设计应用程序，选用VisualStudio2005作为开发工具。设计了防碰撞运行控制算法和人机交互操作界面，采用多线程同步方式，有效的避免了多线程阻塞及冲突问题。本文对样机进行了功能和稳定性的现场测试，挑选了某工地上有交叉区域即有可能发生碰撞的三台塔机进行实验。结果验证了所设计系统的正确性和算法的可行性，可有效预防塔机运行碰撞，达到了预期的设计指标。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of construction industry, tower crane (tower crane) is used more and more widely. The tower crane has high center of gravity, large lifting weight, high speed of operation, and it is often necessary to arrange several tower cranes at the same time to work at close range in the construction site, so that collisions may occur between tower cranes and surrounding fixed obstacles. This brings all kinds of hidden dangers to the safe construction of tower cranes, so it is of great practical significance to study the anti-collision control system of tower cranes. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the current status of tower crane monitoring system design and development, combining with embedded technology, sensor technology and short distance wireless communication technology, this paper designs and develops a tower crane anti-collision control system based on ZigBee technology. The system takes ARM9 microcontroller as the core, realizes the on-line monitoring and early warning information processing to the crane lifting height, rotation angle, amplitude and so on. The paper also discusses and analyzes the wireless communication networking mode and wireless transmission protocol of tower crane running state information between tower crane groups. Using the full duplex wireless communication module to realize the interaction of tower crane group state information, several possible collision modes of tower crane on construction site are analyzed, and the anti-collision control model of distributed tower crane group is established. According to the real-time requirement of anti-collision control system of tower crane, the whole system is composed of signal acquisition and processing module, ARM9 microprocessor module, wireless communication module, alarm system, data storage module, output control module and man-machine interaction module. The application program is designed on the platform of WINCE6.0 operating system and VisualStudio2005 is chosen as the development tool. The anti-collision operation control algorithm and man-machine interactive operation interface are designed. Multithread synchronization is adopted to effectively avoid multi-thread blocking and conflict problems. In this paper, the function and stability of the prototype are tested on the spot, and three tower cranes which have cross area and are likely to collide are selected for experiment. The results verify the correctness of the designed system and the feasibility of the algorithm. It can effectively prevent the tower crane running collision and reach the expected design target.
【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH213.3;TN92

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