大型空压机防喘振控制系统的研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 17:51
【摘要】：空分压缩机在国民经济中起着举足轻重的作用,是许多工业部门重要的通用机械。压缩机设备几乎遍及石油、化工、冶金、动力、国防、制冷、制药、食品、机械等各大工业领域。在正常情况下,压缩机工作在安全区域内,由于外界工况因素的改变,压缩机将发生喘振现象。喘振现象的破坏性极大,如何设计出相应的防喘振控制系统,有效的防止喘振的发生,确保压缩机的安全运行以及高效率的运作,具有广泛的社会意义和经济价值。在本文的设计过程中采取理论与实际相结合,实验室实验与工业现场施工、调试相衔接,软件开发与硬件设计相配合的研究方法。 本论文通过对压缩机喘振机理以及影响喘振因素的研究,得出了防喘振的控制要点,为防喘振控制方法的改进提供了前提。本文还对压缩机喘振特性进行了分析并说明了这些特性在实际工作中对压缩机在防喘振控制中的作用。论文还研究了压缩机防喘振控制系统的原理以及压缩机防喘振控制常用的四种控制方案,在研究这四种方案所要满足的条件及实际工作中所要满足要求的同时,还对防喘振控制系统的研究和注意事项以及对防喘振技术的研究方案都做了研究,为防喘振控制系统的设计理念以及控制方案的设计奠定了基础。 论文还对压缩机回流量的控制系统进行了分析,对预防喘振的发生非常有效。通过建立空压机控制系统的近似模型,把模糊控制和传统PID控制结合起来,分别采用传统的PID控制和Fuzzy-PID控制,用MATLAB对系统进行性能仿真。经过对仿真结果进行比较得出Fuzzy-PID控制的各项参数都优于传统的PID控制,能够更好的适应压缩机系统变工况运行,有利于整个压缩机系统在工况区运行。本文还研究了PLC控制系统在压缩机控制系统中的作用,对控制系统进行了软硬件设计及利用模糊PID控制在可编程控制器上的实现及仿真。压缩机是整个压缩装置的核心部件,除了对压缩机的防喘振控制系统的研究,压力限制控制,容量控制以及温度控制的研究对于压缩机的防喘振控制也有一定的影响,属于压缩机综合控制包含的内容,所以关于压缩机综合控制的研究对于分析压缩机防喘振控制是不可忽略的重要环节。
[Abstract]:Air separation compressor plays an important role in the national economy and is an important general purpose machine in many industrial sectors. Compressor equipment almost throughout the petroleum, chemical, metallurgy, power, national defense, refrigeration, pharmaceutical, food, machinery and other major industrial fields. Under normal conditions, the compressor works in a safe area, and the compressor will surge due to the change of external working conditions. Surge phenomenon is extremely destructive. How to design the corresponding anti-surge control system to effectively prevent surge, ensure the safe operation of compressor and high efficiency operation, has a wide range of social significance and economic value. In the design process of this paper, the research methods of combining theory with practice, laboratory experiment and industrial field construction, debugging, software development and hardware design are adopted. Through the research on the mechanism of compressor surge and the factors affecting surge, the main points of anti-surge control are obtained in this paper, which provides the premise for improving the anti-surge control method. This paper also analyzes the surge characteristics of the compressor and explains the role of these characteristics in the anti-surge control of the compressor in practical work. The paper also studies the principle of compressor anti-surge control system and four common control schemes of compressor anti-surge control. The research and attention of anti-surge control system and the research scheme of anti-surge technology are also studied, which lays a foundation for the design concept of anti-surge control system and the design of anti-surge control scheme. The paper also analyzes the control system of compressor reflux, which is very effective to prevent surge. By establishing the approximate model of the air compressor control system, combining the fuzzy control with the traditional PID control, the traditional PID control and Fuzzy-PID control are adopted, respectively, and the performance of the system is simulated by MATLAB. By comparing the simulation results, it is concluded that the parameters of Fuzzy-PID control are better than the traditional PID control, which can better adapt to the compressor system operation under different conditions, and is beneficial to the whole compressor system operation in the working condition area. The function of PLC control system in compressor control system is also studied in this paper. The software and hardware design of the control system and the realization and simulation of the control system with fuzzy PID control on programmable controller are also given. The compressor is the core component of the whole compression device. Besides the research on the anti-surge control system of the compressor, the research of the pressure limitation control, the capacity control and the temperature control also have certain influence on the anti-surge control of the compressor. It belongs to the content of the compressor integrated control, so the research on the compressor integrated control is an important link that can not be ignored for analyzing the compressor anti-surge control.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45
本文编号：2300737
[Abstract]:Air separation compressor plays an important role in the national economy and is an important general purpose machine in many industrial sectors. Compressor equipment almost throughout the petroleum, chemical, metallurgy, power, national defense, refrigeration, pharmaceutical, food, machinery and other major industrial fields. Under normal conditions, the compressor works in a safe area, and the compressor will surge due to the change of external working conditions. Surge phenomenon is extremely destructive. How to design the corresponding anti-surge control system to effectively prevent surge, ensure the safe operation of compressor and high efficiency operation, has a wide range of social significance and economic value. In the design process of this paper, the research methods of combining theory with practice, laboratory experiment and industrial field construction, debugging, software development and hardware design are adopted. Through the research on the mechanism of compressor surge and the factors affecting surge, the main points of anti-surge control are obtained in this paper, which provides the premise for improving the anti-surge control method. This paper also analyzes the surge characteristics of the compressor and explains the role of these characteristics in the anti-surge control of the compressor in practical work. The paper also studies the principle of compressor anti-surge control system and four common control schemes of compressor anti-surge control. The research and attention of anti-surge control system and the research scheme of anti-surge technology are also studied, which lays a foundation for the design concept of anti-surge control system and the design of anti-surge control scheme. The paper also analyzes the control system of compressor reflux, which is very effective to prevent surge. By establishing the approximate model of the air compressor control system, combining the fuzzy control with the traditional PID control, the traditional PID control and Fuzzy-PID control are adopted, respectively, and the performance of the system is simulated by MATLAB. By comparing the simulation results, it is concluded that the parameters of Fuzzy-PID control are better than the traditional PID control, which can better adapt to the compressor system operation under different conditions, and is beneficial to the whole compressor system operation in the working condition area. The function of PLC control system in compressor control system is also studied in this paper. The software and hardware design of the control system and the realization and simulation of the control system with fuzzy PID control on programmable controller are also given. The compressor is the core component of the whole compression device. Besides the research on the anti-surge control system of the compressor, the research of the pressure limitation control, the capacity control and the temperature control also have certain influence on the anti-surge control of the compressor. It belongs to the content of the compressor integrated control, so the research on the compressor integrated control is an important link that can not be ignored for analyzing the compressor anti-surge control.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45
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