基于应变式三轴加速度传感器的智能轴承设计与实验研究
发布时间：2018-11-05 10:36
【摘要】：轴承是机械系统中应用最为广泛的一种通用零部件，其运行状态好坏将直接影响系统的安全性和可靠性。对轴承运行状态进行实时监测，可避免因轴承突然失效造成的灾难性事故。 智能轴承技术是最近发展起来的新技术与新方法，通过多传感器与轴承的融合，使轴承了具备运行状态监测能力。智能轴承是在传统轴承的基础上集成传感器，形成智能轴承结构。目前国内外的研究主要集中在轴承内集成压电式加速度传感器，获取振动信号。但是，基于压电式加速度传感器的智能轴承状态监测与故障诊断存在高频噪声干扰，处理效率低，监测参量单一，以及破坏轴承结构等缺点和问题。 针对目前研究存在的问题，本文以双列圆柱滚子轴承为研究对象，阐述了其故障信号特征。设计了应用于滚动轴承运行状态监测与故障诊断的新型应变式三轴加速度传感器，并将其与转速传感器及温度传感器集成，形成多参量传感器与轴承结合的智能轴承结构。经台架试验验证，有效的实现了轴承低频加速度信息及实时转速信息和温度信息的提取。主要开展了如下工作： ①提出和设计了新型应变式三轴加速度传感器结构，建立新型三轴应变式传感器的动力学模型，运用正交实验法，优选了参数选择方案，分析了结构参数对传感器固有频率和灵敏度及其综合性能指标的影响； ②通过建立应变式三轴加速度传感器的有限元模型，对传感器动态性能进行仿真分析，验证了三轴应变式加速度传感器动力学模型的正确性； ③完成了新型应变式三轴加速度传感器的实体加工，通过传感器标定实验，确定了应变式三轴加速度传感器的灵敏度； ④设计了一种集成三轴应变式加速度传感器、转速传感器以及温度传感器的多参量传感器结构，完成了智能轴承样机的试制，没有破坏轴承的完整性，，确保了轴承的使用性能； ⑤设计并搭建智能轴承故障模拟试验台，完成了台架故障模拟试验，验证了基于应变式三轴加速度传感器的智能轴承内圈故障诊断的有效性。 智能轴承技术今后的发展方向是将其扩展到其它各种类型的轴承运行状态的监测与故障诊断领域，具有广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Bearing is one of the most widely used universal components in mechanical system. Its running condition will directly affect the safety and reliability of the system. The real-time monitoring of bearing operation can avoid the catastrophic accident caused by the sudden failure of bearing. Intelligent bearing technology is a new technology and method developed recently. Through the fusion of multi-sensor and bearing, the bearing has the ability to monitor the running state. Intelligent bearing is based on the traditional bearing integrated sensors, forming intelligent bearing structure. At present, the research at home and abroad mainly focuses on the integration of piezoelectric accelerometers in bearings to obtain vibration signals. However, the intelligent bearing state monitoring and fault diagnosis based on piezoelectric accelerometer have some shortcomings and problems, such as high frequency noise interference, low processing efficiency, single monitoring parameters, and failure of bearing structure. Aiming at the problems existing in the present research, the fault signal characteristics of double row cylindrical roller bearing are discussed in this paper. A new strain type three-axis acceleration sensor is designed for monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearing. The sensor is integrated with speed sensor and temperature sensor to form an intelligent bearing structure which combines multi-parameter sensor and bearing. The low frequency acceleration information, real time speed information and temperature information of bearing are effectively extracted by bench test. The main works are as follows: 1. A new strain triaxial acceleration sensor structure is proposed and designed. The dynamic model of a new triaxial strain sensor is established, and the parameter selection scheme is selected by orthogonal experiment. The influence of structural parameters on the natural frequency, sensitivity and comprehensive performance of the sensor is analyzed. (2) by establishing the finite element model of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor, the dynamic performance of the sensor is simulated and analyzed, and the correctness of the dynamic model of the triaxial strain acceleration sensor is verified. (3) the solid processing of the new strain triaxial acceleration sensor is completed, and the sensitivity of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor is determined by the calibration experiment of the sensor. 4. A multi-parameter sensor structure integrated with triaxial strain acceleration sensor, rotational speed sensor and temperature sensor is designed. The intelligent bearing prototype is trial-produced without destroying the integrity of the bearing. Ensure the bearing performance; (5) designed and built the intelligent bearing fault simulation test-bed, completed the bench fault simulation test, and verified the validity of the intelligent bearing inner ring fault diagnosis based on the strain three-axis acceleration sensor. The future development of intelligent bearing technology is to extend it to other kinds of bearing operation state monitoring and fault diagnosis, which has a broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH165.3
本文编号：2311799
[Abstract]:Bearing is one of the most widely used universal components in mechanical system. Its running condition will directly affect the safety and reliability of the system. The real-time monitoring of bearing operation can avoid the catastrophic accident caused by the sudden failure of bearing. Intelligent bearing technology is a new technology and method developed recently. Through the fusion of multi-sensor and bearing, the bearing has the ability to monitor the running state. Intelligent bearing is based on the traditional bearing integrated sensors, forming intelligent bearing structure. At present, the research at home and abroad mainly focuses on the integration of piezoelectric accelerometers in bearings to obtain vibration signals. However, the intelligent bearing state monitoring and fault diagnosis based on piezoelectric accelerometer have some shortcomings and problems, such as high frequency noise interference, low processing efficiency, single monitoring parameters, and failure of bearing structure. Aiming at the problems existing in the present research, the fault signal characteristics of double row cylindrical roller bearing are discussed in this paper. A new strain type three-axis acceleration sensor is designed for monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearing. The sensor is integrated with speed sensor and temperature sensor to form an intelligent bearing structure which combines multi-parameter sensor and bearing. The low frequency acceleration information, real time speed information and temperature information of bearing are effectively extracted by bench test. The main works are as follows: 1. A new strain triaxial acceleration sensor structure is proposed and designed. The dynamic model of a new triaxial strain sensor is established, and the parameter selection scheme is selected by orthogonal experiment. The influence of structural parameters on the natural frequency, sensitivity and comprehensive performance of the sensor is analyzed. (2) by establishing the finite element model of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor, the dynamic performance of the sensor is simulated and analyzed, and the correctness of the dynamic model of the triaxial strain acceleration sensor is verified. (3) the solid processing of the new strain triaxial acceleration sensor is completed, and the sensitivity of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor is determined by the calibration experiment of the sensor. 4. A multi-parameter sensor structure integrated with triaxial strain acceleration sensor, rotational speed sensor and temperature sensor is designed. The intelligent bearing prototype is trial-produced without destroying the integrity of the bearing. Ensure the bearing performance; (5) designed and built the intelligent bearing fault simulation test-bed, completed the bench fault simulation test, and verified the validity of the intelligent bearing inner ring fault diagnosis based on the strain three-axis acceleration sensor. The future development of intelligent bearing technology is to extend it to other kinds of bearing operation state monitoring and fault diagnosis, which has a broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH165.3
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 任达千;张耀;张伟中;赵光良;;嵌入式智能滑动轴承研究[J];轻工机械;2015年06期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 殷德龙;振动机械滚动轴承早期故障信号的提取与分析[D];西安建筑科技大学;2016年
本文编号：2311799
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