径向推力联合气体静压轴承静动态性能分析
发布时间：2018-11-12 09:56
【摘要】：近年来,随着超精密加工技术的发展,对于轴承的运动精度、转速以及刚度等参数提出了更高的要求。气体静压轴承凭借其运动精度高、污染小、寿命长等优点,被广泛地应用于超精密机床中,并取得了良好的效果。本文研究了一种使用于超精密加工机床中的径向推力联合气体静压轴承,使用计算流体力学软件对这种轴承的静、动态性能进行了仿真,并通过实验的方法对仿真结果进行了验证。 本文建立了径向推力联合气体静压轴承内部气膜的模型,并对其进行网格划分,将网格文件导入到Fluent软件中进行计算,得到了轴承气膜中压强以及气体流速的分布情况。然后分别对轴承的轴向静态性能以及扭转静态性能进行了研究,通过计算得到了主轴偏移量、偏转角变化时轴承的承载能力、扭转力矩、轴向静刚度、角刚度以及轴承耗气量等静态参数,并进一步分析了供气压强、节流孔数量以及节流孔直径对轴承静态性能的影响,得到了一些规律性的结论。 然后对于本文研究的轴承进行了实验研究,通过实验测定了该轴承的轴向静态刚度,实验结果与仿真计算的结果误差小于3%,这说明了使用这种模型对轴承进行仿真所得到的结果是可信的。 最后对于该轴承的轴向动态性能进行了初步的研究,使用动网格技术模拟了主轴对于阶跃信号的响应情况,得到了主轴运动过程中轴承轴向动态刚度的变化情况,分析了气体静压轴承轴向动刚度与静刚度之间的关系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of ultra-precision machining technology, the motion accuracy, rotational speed and stiffness of bearings are required to be higher. The aerostatic bearing has been widely used in ultra-precision machine tools with its advantages of high precision, low pollution and long life, and good results have been obtained. In this paper, a radial thrust combined aerostatic bearing used in ultra-precision machining machine tools is studied. The static and dynamic properties of the bearing are simulated by using computational fluid dynamics software. The simulation results are verified by the method of experiment. In this paper, the internal film model of radial thrust combined gas hydrostatic bearing is established, and it is meshed. The grid file is imported into Fluent software to calculate, and the distribution of pressure and gas velocity in the bearing film is obtained. Then the axial static performance and torsional static performance of the bearing are studied, and the bearing capacity, torsional moment, axial static stiffness of the bearing when the deflection angle changes are calculated. The static parameters such as angular stiffness and bearing air consumption are analyzed. The influences of air supply pressure, throttle hole number and throttle diameter on the static performance of the bearing are analyzed, and some regular conclusions are obtained. The axial static stiffness of the bearing is measured by experiment. The error between the experimental results and the simulation results is less than 3. This shows that the simulation results obtained by using this model are credible. Finally, the axial dynamic performance of the bearing is studied preliminarily. The response of the spindle to the step signal is simulated by using the dynamic grid technology, and the change of the axial dynamic stiffness of the bearing in the course of the spindle motion is obtained. The relationship between axial dynamic stiffness and static stiffness of aerostatic bearing is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.36
本文编号：2326773
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of ultra-precision machining technology, the motion accuracy, rotational speed and stiffness of bearings are required to be higher. The aerostatic bearing has been widely used in ultra-precision machine tools with its advantages of high precision, low pollution and long life, and good results have been obtained. In this paper, a radial thrust combined aerostatic bearing used in ultra-precision machining machine tools is studied. The static and dynamic properties of the bearing are simulated by using computational fluid dynamics software. The simulation results are verified by the method of experiment. In this paper, the internal film model of radial thrust combined gas hydrostatic bearing is established, and it is meshed. The grid file is imported into Fluent software to calculate, and the distribution of pressure and gas velocity in the bearing film is obtained. Then the axial static performance and torsional static performance of the bearing are studied, and the bearing capacity, torsional moment, axial static stiffness of the bearing when the deflection angle changes are calculated. The static parameters such as angular stiffness and bearing air consumption are analyzed. The influences of air supply pressure, throttle hole number and throttle diameter on the static performance of the bearing are analyzed, and some regular conclusions are obtained. The axial static stiffness of the bearing is measured by experiment. The error between the experimental results and the simulation results is less than 3. This shows that the simulation results obtained by using this model are credible. Finally, the axial dynamic performance of the bearing is studied preliminarily. The response of the spindle to the step signal is simulated by using the dynamic grid technology, and the change of the axial dynamic stiffness of the bearing in the course of the spindle motion is obtained. The relationship between axial dynamic stiffness and static stiffness of aerostatic bearing is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.36
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