高压高水基矿用乳化液泵站卸载阀的研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 07:29

【摘要】：在我国煤炭开采中,井下开采占据着主导地位。乳化液泵站作为井下采煤液压系统的动力元件,它为系统提供工作用的乳化液介质。现代化的采煤工作面对乳化液泵站的供液质量要求越来越高,即要求到达液压支架的压力波动范围越来越小。但是随着工作面对重载高速的要求越来越高,使得泵站功率越来越大,节能因素决定了不能使用溢流阀来稳定泵站压力,只能使用工作在开关状态下的卸载阀来稳定泵站的供液压力。因此,卸载阀的动态特性显得尤为重要。论文基于机液仿真软件AMESim对矿用乳化液泵站卸载阀进行了建模和仿真研究,并结合实验进行参数辨识,研究了卸载阀的动态特性,研究的结果对卸载阀新样机的制作有一定的指导意义。论文首先介绍了水压传动的定义,紧接着阐述了国内外卸载阀的研究现状。由于高水基介质的特殊性,论述了高水基介质带来的问题以及在设计加工制造过程中高水基液压元件用到的关键技术。运用机械/液压及动力学软件AMESim对卸载阀进行建模,建立了卸载阀的数学模型及AMESim仿真模型。根据所建立的模型,对电磁控制方式和机械控制方式进行了详细的分析,得出各自工作的动态过程。对卸载阀进行了频域分析,得出卸载阀在工作时的稳定性和稳定裕度。利用AMESim软件中的模态分析工具计算出卸载阀的固有频率,使工作频率远离模态频率以减小振动现象。运用遗传算法优化原理,选择卸载阀中影响因素较大的参数进行参数取值,并对这些参数进行优化设计,使得卸载阀在工作时达到最大的节能效果。为验证上述仿真结果,在煤炭科学研究院太原研究院的帮助下,搭建了实验系统并进行实验。实验结果表明,卸载阀具有稳定性好、压力波动范围小的特点,能够满足乳化液泵站的工作需要,同时也验证了模拟仿真的正确性。论文所做工作主要是针对矿乳化液泵站压力控制的特殊性,对泵站用卸载阀进行了数学分析及仿真研究,为卸载阀动态性能的设计提供理论支持。本文中对卸载阀结构参数的优化结果为卸载阀性能的提高也有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:In our country coal mining, underground mining occupies the leading position. As the power element of underground coal mining hydraulic system, the emulsion pumping station provides the working medium for the system. The modern coal mining work is faced with more and more requirements for the liquid supply quality of the emulsion pumping station, that is, the pressure fluctuation range required to reach the hydraulic support is becoming smaller and smaller. However, as the demand of heavy load and high speed becomes higher and higher, the power of pump station becomes more and more large. The energy saving factor determines that the relief valve can not be used to stabilize the pressure of pump station. Only the unloading valve working in the switch state can be used to stabilize the pressure of the pump station. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of the unloading valve is particularly important. Based on the simulation software AMESim, this paper models and simulates the unloading valve of mine emulsion pump station, and studies the dynamic characteristics of the unloading valve by combining with the experiment to identify the parameters. The results of the study have a certain guiding significance for the manufacture of the new prototype of the unloading valve. Firstly, the definition of hydraulic transmission is introduced, and then the research status of unloading valve at home and abroad is described. Due to the particularity of high water base medium, the problems brought by high water base medium and the key technologies used in the design and manufacture of high water base hydraulic components are discussed. The mechanical / hydraulic and dynamic software AMESim is used to model the unloading valve, and the mathematical model and AMESim simulation model of the unloading valve are established. According to the established model, the electromagnetic control mode and the mechanical control mode are analyzed in detail, and the dynamic process of each work is obtained. The stability and stability margin of unloading valve are obtained by frequency domain analysis. The natural frequency of the unloading valve is calculated by using the modal analysis tool in AMESim software, and the working frequency is far away from the modal frequency to reduce the vibration phenomenon. Based on the optimization principle of genetic algorithm, the parameters of the unloading valve are selected and the parameters are optimized to make the unloading valve achieve the maximum energy saving effect. In order to verify the above simulation results, with the help of Taiyuan Research Institute of Coal Science, the experimental system was built and the experiment was carried out. The experimental results show that the unloading valve has the characteristics of good stability and small range of pressure fluctuation, which can meet the needs of the emulsion pumping station, and also verifies the correctness of the simulation. Aiming at the particularity of pressure control in mine emulsion pump station, the paper makes mathematical analysis and simulation study on unloading valve used in pump station, which provides theoretical support for the design of dynamic performance of unloading valve. In this paper, the optimization results of unloading valve structure parameters are also of reference value for the improvement of unloading valve performance.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TD355.4;TH137.52

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