新型前向多翼及混流叶轮的参数化设计及优化研究
发布时间：2018-11-14 21:22
【摘要】：叶轮机械主要指通过叶轮与连续绕流叶轮叶片的流体工质进行能量转换的一类机械,在国防及国民经济的发展中地位显著,起着极其重要的作用。但一段时期由于气动、材料、制造等技术水平的限制,特别是大型精算能力的不足,透平机械的创新和发展受到了制约,有些关键领域与国外发达国家的差距较大。随着计算机软硬件技术的迅速崛起,也给叶轮机械带来了快速发展的机遇,大批先进的参数化CAD和CFD流体分析软件,使得计算机数值模拟仿真试验代替大部分实物样机试验,大大缩减了叶轮机械的研发设计周期和成本,也使得加速新产品研发成为可能。 本文研究工作主要分两部分：首先,以传统热力设计方法结合先进的CFD数值模拟仿真技术,针对某货运机车对离心冷却通风机高全压大流量的性能要求,采用创新的斜轮盘结构,自主研发设计了新型前向多翼离心冷却通风机叶轮,和同类型进口风机相比,在外形尺寸不变、转速降低25.5%的条件下,全压提高11.8%,成功实现此类通风机的国产化。目前,本自主设计的新型高全压大流量斜轮盘前向多翼叶轮离心冷却通风机已经替代进口通风机,装车投入运行。 其次,以国产化通风机的研究工作为基础,进一步深入应用先进的NUMECATM/Design3D数值模拟优化软件,对自主设计的参数化AP1000核主泵的混流式叶轮水力模型,分别从叶片进出口安装角、叶片进口边形式、叶轮外径和叶片厚度沿流线的变化规律四个方面进行了叶轮性能的响应分析。并通过建立以提高效率和降低扬程为优化目标的多目标优化函数模型,综合各方面因素进行优化,最终得到优化后的叶轮模型,整体水力性能较原始模型得到了较大改善,效率提高,扬程满足设计要求,临界空化数更是下降达21.86%,使得泵叶轮的空化性能提高显著。在水力性能优化的基础上,对优化后的叶轮进行了结构强度的有限元分析,最终给出水力性能优秀、结构强度完全满足核主泵的安全性使用要求的优化叶轮模型。 以上研究工作得益于叶轮机械研发设计方法的不断创新和发展,对今后的科研工作都具有借鉴意义,尤其是在实现核主泵研发设计制造进程中,核心技术国产化意义重大。
[Abstract]:Impeller machinery mainly refers to a kind of machinery which converts the energy between the impeller and the fluid working fluid of the continuous flow impeller blade. It plays a very important role in the development of national defense and national economy. However, the innovation and development of turbine machinery has been restricted due to the limitation of pneumatic, material, manufacturing and other technical level, especially the shortage of large actuarial capacity, and the gap between some key fields and developed countries is large. With the rapid rise of computer software and hardware technology, the impeller machinery has also brought the opportunity of rapid development. A large number of advanced parameterized CAD and CFD fluid analysis software make the computer numerical simulation test to replace most of the physical prototype test. Greatly reduced impeller machinery R & D design cycle and cost, also make it possible to speed up the development of new products. The research work of this paper is divided into two parts: firstly, the traditional thermal design method combined with advanced CFD numerical simulation technology is used to meet the performance requirements of a freight locomotive for centrifugal cooling fan with high pressure and large flow rate. A new type of forward multi-wing centrifugal cooling fan impeller was developed and designed by using the innovative oblique disk structure. Compared with the imported fan of the same type, the total pressure was increased by 11.8g under the condition of constant shape size and 25.5% reduction of rotational speed. Successfully realize the localization of this kind of ventilator. At present, a new type of centrifugal cooling fan with high pressure and large flow rate has been designed, which has replaced the imported fan and has been put into operation. Secondly, on the basis of the research work of domestic ventilator, the advanced NUMECATM/Design3D numerical simulation optimization software is further applied to the hydraulic model of the Francis impeller of the parameterized AP1000 core main pump, which is installed from the inlet and outlet angles of the blade, respectively. The response of impeller performance is analyzed from four aspects: the shape of the inlet edge of the blade, the variation of the outer diameter and thickness of the impeller along the streamline. Through the establishment of multi-objective optimization function model with the aim of improving efficiency and reducing the lift, the optimized impeller model is obtained by synthesizing various factors, and the overall hydraulic performance of the impeller model is greatly improved compared with the original model. The efficiency is improved, the head meets the design requirements, and the critical cavitation number is reduced to 21.86, which makes the cavitation performance of the pump impeller improve significantly. Based on the optimization of hydraulic performance, the structural strength of the optimized impeller is analyzed by finite element method. Finally, an optimized impeller model with excellent hydraulic performance and structural strength that meets the safety requirements of the nuclear main pump is presented. The above research benefits from the continuous innovation and development of the impeller machinery R & D design method, which is of great significance to the future scientific research work, especially in the process of realizing the nuclear main pump R & D design and manufacturing process, the core technology localization is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH432
本文编号：2332364
[Abstract]:Impeller machinery mainly refers to a kind of machinery which converts the energy between the impeller and the fluid working fluid of the continuous flow impeller blade. It plays a very important role in the development of national defense and national economy. However, the innovation and development of turbine machinery has been restricted due to the limitation of pneumatic, material, manufacturing and other technical level, especially the shortage of large actuarial capacity, and the gap between some key fields and developed countries is large. With the rapid rise of computer software and hardware technology, the impeller machinery has also brought the opportunity of rapid development. A large number of advanced parameterized CAD and CFD fluid analysis software make the computer numerical simulation test to replace most of the physical prototype test. Greatly reduced impeller machinery R & D design cycle and cost, also make it possible to speed up the development of new products. The research work of this paper is divided into two parts: firstly, the traditional thermal design method combined with advanced CFD numerical simulation technology is used to meet the performance requirements of a freight locomotive for centrifugal cooling fan with high pressure and large flow rate. A new type of forward multi-wing centrifugal cooling fan impeller was developed and designed by using the innovative oblique disk structure. Compared with the imported fan of the same type, the total pressure was increased by 11.8g under the condition of constant shape size and 25.5% reduction of rotational speed. Successfully realize the localization of this kind of ventilator. At present, a new type of centrifugal cooling fan with high pressure and large flow rate has been designed, which has replaced the imported fan and has been put into operation. Secondly, on the basis of the research work of domestic ventilator, the advanced NUMECATM/Design3D numerical simulation optimization software is further applied to the hydraulic model of the Francis impeller of the parameterized AP1000 core main pump, which is installed from the inlet and outlet angles of the blade, respectively. The response of impeller performance is analyzed from four aspects: the shape of the inlet edge of the blade, the variation of the outer diameter and thickness of the impeller along the streamline. Through the establishment of multi-objective optimization function model with the aim of improving efficiency and reducing the lift, the optimized impeller model is obtained by synthesizing various factors, and the overall hydraulic performance of the impeller model is greatly improved compared with the original model. The efficiency is improved, the head meets the design requirements, and the critical cavitation number is reduced to 21.86, which makes the cavitation performance of the pump impeller improve significantly. Based on the optimization of hydraulic performance, the structural strength of the optimized impeller is analyzed by finite element method. Finally, an optimized impeller model with excellent hydraulic performance and structural strength that meets the safety requirements of the nuclear main pump is presented. The above research benefits from the continuous innovation and development of the impeller machinery R & D design method, which is of great significance to the future scientific research work, especially in the process of realizing the nuclear main pump R & D design and manufacturing process, the core technology localization is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH432
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 程久平;汤传玲;;机械CAD系统中的型材标准数据管理及参数化设计研究[J];电子技术与软件工程;2013年16期
，本文编号：2332364
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