风力发电可变导叶液力机械调速装置研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 19:27
【摘要】：经济社会的飞速发展使得人类对能源的依赖越来越明显。由于传统能源多由碳氢化石等矿物燃料提供,其带来的一系列问题如环境破坏、资源日益短缺等,已经阻碍了人类社会的可持续发展。在全球范围内,风能已经成为新能源领域的重要组成部分。风能作为一种绿色能源,由于其可再生、无污染,已经受到各国政府的重视。风能的开发利用在全世界已经达到共识,但是风能的不稳定性一直以来都是利用风能的最大难题。风轮上的载荷随时间、空间不断变化,使作用在主轴上的转速和转矩也随之改变。变化的转速和转矩通过传动系统传递到发电机上,最终导致发电机输出电的电压、频率不稳定。如何将不断变化的风能变为稳定的、可利用的电能,是风电领域一个重要的研究方向。解决并网风力发电机输出频率不稳定问题,目前主要有两种方法：一种是恒速恒频发电系统,一种是变速恒频发电系统。但是前者由于风能的利用效率较低已经被逐步淘汰,后者则伴随着风力机单机容量不断增大,变速恒频系统的电子转换装置日益复杂昂贵,可靠性不断降低。研究了一种新型的行星轮系与导叶可调式液力变矩器相配合的风力发电传动系统。它是一种新型的变速恒频技术,可以保证变速输入下同步发电机的恒转速输出,即能获得更好的电网输电品质。研究结果为解决大功率风电机组的高效传动提供了一种新的途径,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。 以新设计的调速系统为研究对象,研究变矩器的导叶开度在风力发电运行过程中的变化规律,研究的主要内容如下： (1)对已有的液力调速系统进行深入研究,在此基础上设计一款新的调速系统。利用行星理论和节点法计算分析调速系统的功率流向问题。为了进一步研究变矩器的导叶调节规律,建立风轮的数学模型,并与调速系统结合,得出抽象变矩器的运行规律,即风轮运行过程中变矩器的涡轮转矩和转速要满足一定的关系。将研究的规律编制成程序,清楚的反应出各个规律的变化,同时得出变矩器的性能对调速系统效率的影响规律,为下一步设计变矩器打下基础。 (2)结合已有的分析设计导叶可调式变矩器,确定变矩器的结构形式,并用几何相似法确定循环圆。研究设计变矩器叶片的等角射影法,编制程序设计变矩器的泵轮,用单曲叶片的设计方法设计变矩器的涡轮和导轮,最后设计变矩器的导叶调节机构。将叶片和调节机构装配即得到可调式变矩器的三维模型。 (3)利用三维流场理论分析变矩器导叶开度变化过程中内流场的变化。具体就是运用CFD流体软件计算导叶开度从0到1变化过程中,一定开度下不同的转速比变矩器流场变化情况。得出随着导叶开度的变化,导轮压力的变化规律,并对导叶的调节结构进行优化。同时得出,在风力发电运行过程中,随着风轮转速的不断变化,调节结构旋转力矩的变化规律,为以后的调节机构的控制和制造做准备。对变矩器性能进行研究的同时,提出应用于风力发电液力调速系统中变矩器的改进方案。 (4)建立可调式变矩器的数学模型,通过变矩器和调速系统的数学模型联合求解,得出变矩器导叶开度随风轮转速的变化规律。进一步得到调速系统的效率和循环功率的变化规律、励磁控制规律及变矩器的运行状态。 综上所述,所设计的应用于风力发电的液力调速系统,能够实现变速输入恒速输出,其中的导叶可调式变矩器与风电机组匹配良好。通过对变矩器的建模和仿真,得到风轮运行过程中的导轮叶片角度的变化规律,并得出调速系统在达到额定风速时效率为94.8%,此系统满足了风力发电系统的需要。研究工作对研制新的风力发电液力调速系统具有一定的理论指导意义和现实应用价值,也为下一步控制系统的开发做了准备。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy and society has made the dependence of human energy on energy more and more obvious. Due to the fact that the traditional energy is provided by the fossil fuels such as hydrocarbon and the like, a series of problems, such as environmental damage, the shortage of resources and the like, have hindered the sustainable development of the human society. In the global context, wind energy has become an important component of the new energy sector. As a kind of green energy, wind energy is a kind of green energy, because of its renewable and pollution-free, it has been attached to the attention of all governments. The development and utilization of wind energy has reached a consensus in the world, but the instability of wind energy has been the most difficult problem in the utilization of wind energy. The load on the wind wheel is changing with time and space, so that the speed and torque acting on the main shaft are also changed. The speed and torque of the change are transmitted to the generator through the transmission system, and finally the voltage and the frequency of the generator output electricity are not stable. How to turn the changing wind energy into a stable and usable electric energy is an important research direction in the wind power field. The invention solves the problem that the output frequency of the wind-driven generator is not stable, and at present, there are two main methods: one is a constant-speed constant-frequency power generation system, and one is a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system. However, due to the low utilization efficiency of wind energy, the former has been phased out. The latter is accompanied by a continuous increase of the capacity of the wind turbine, and the electronic conversion device of the variable-speed constant-frequency system is becoming more and more complex and expensive, and the reliability is decreasing. In this paper, a new type of wind power generation transmission system which is matched with the adjustable torque converter of the guide vane is studied. The invention is a novel variable-speed constant-frequency technology, which can ensure the constant-speed output of a synchronous generator under a variable-speed input, that is, better power transmission quality can be obtained. The research results provide a new way to solve the high-efficiency transmission of the high-power wind power unit, which is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value. Taking the newly designed speed-regulating system as the research object, the paper studies the variation law of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter in the operation of the wind power generation, and the main results of the study The results are as follows: (1) An in-depth study of the existing hydraulic speed control system is carried out on the basis of which A new speed regulation system, which uses the planetary theory and the node method to calculate and analyze the speed governing system. In order to further study the regulation law of the guide vane of the torque converter, a mathematical model of the wind wheel is established and combined with the speed regulation system to obtain the operating rule of the abstract torque converter, that is, the turbine torque and the rotating speed of the torque converter during the operation of the wind wheel The law of the study is compiled into a program, the changes of the law are clearly reflected, the influence of the performance of the torque converter on the efficiency of the speed-regulating system is obtained, and the next step is designed The torque converter lays the foundation for the torque converter. (2) The structure form of the torque converter is determined by combining the existing analysis and design guide vane adjustable torque converter, and In this paper, the geometric similarity method is used to determine the cycle circle. The equal-angle projection method for designing the blade of the torque converter is studied, the pump wheel of the designed torque converter is programmed, and the turbine and the guide wheel of the torque converter are designed by the design method of the single-curved blade. The guide vane adjusting mechanism of the torque converter is provided. The blade and the adjusting mechanism are assembled and obtained. the three-dimensional model of the adjustable torque converter. (3) the torque converter is analyzed by the three-dimensional flow field theory, The change of the flow field during the change of the opening degree of the guide vane is to calculate the opening degree of the guide vane from 0 to 1 by using the CFD fluid software. The change of the flow field of the torque converter with different speed ratio is obtained. The change of the opening degree of the guide vane and the change of the pressure of the guide wheel are obtained. The regulation structure of the guide vane is optimized. At the same time, the change of the rotating moment of the structure is adjusted with the change of the rotation speed of the wind wheel during the operation of the wind power generation. The control and manufacture of the rear regulating mechanism is prepared. At the same time, the performance of the torque converter is studied and applied to the wind power generation. the invention relates to an improvement scheme of a torque converter in a hydraulic speed regulation system, (4) a mathematical model of an adjustable torque converter is established, The variation of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter with the rotation speed of the wind wheel is obtained. The efficiency of the speed-regulating system and the change of the circulating power are further obtained. In conclusion, the design is applied to the hydraulic speed regulation system of wind power generation, which can realize the constant speed of the variable speed input. The output and the guide vane adjustable torque converter are well matched with the wind turbine unit. By modeling and simulation of the torque converter, the change rule of the angle of the guide wheel blade in the running process of the wind wheel is obtained, and the time limitation of the speed governing system at the rated wind speed is obtained. The rate is 94.8%, and the system meets the needs of the wind power generation system. The research work is of great significance to the development of a new hydraulic speed-regulating system for wind power generation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137.332;TM315
本文编号：2334223
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy and society has made the dependence of human energy on energy more and more obvious. Due to the fact that the traditional energy is provided by the fossil fuels such as hydrocarbon and the like, a series of problems, such as environmental damage, the shortage of resources and the like, have hindered the sustainable development of the human society. In the global context, wind energy has become an important component of the new energy sector. As a kind of green energy, wind energy is a kind of green energy, because of its renewable and pollution-free, it has been attached to the attention of all governments. The development and utilization of wind energy has reached a consensus in the world, but the instability of wind energy has been the most difficult problem in the utilization of wind energy. The load on the wind wheel is changing with time and space, so that the speed and torque acting on the main shaft are also changed. The speed and torque of the change are transmitted to the generator through the transmission system, and finally the voltage and the frequency of the generator output electricity are not stable. How to turn the changing wind energy into a stable and usable electric energy is an important research direction in the wind power field. The invention solves the problem that the output frequency of the wind-driven generator is not stable, and at present, there are two main methods: one is a constant-speed constant-frequency power generation system, and one is a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system. However, due to the low utilization efficiency of wind energy, the former has been phased out. The latter is accompanied by a continuous increase of the capacity of the wind turbine, and the electronic conversion device of the variable-speed constant-frequency system is becoming more and more complex and expensive, and the reliability is decreasing. In this paper, a new type of wind power generation transmission system which is matched with the adjustable torque converter of the guide vane is studied. The invention is a novel variable-speed constant-frequency technology, which can ensure the constant-speed output of a synchronous generator under a variable-speed input, that is, better power transmission quality can be obtained. The research results provide a new way to solve the high-efficiency transmission of the high-power wind power unit, which is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value. Taking the newly designed speed-regulating system as the research object, the paper studies the variation law of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter in the operation of the wind power generation, and the main results of the study The results are as follows: (1) An in-depth study of the existing hydraulic speed control system is carried out on the basis of which A new speed regulation system, which uses the planetary theory and the node method to calculate and analyze the speed governing system. In order to further study the regulation law of the guide vane of the torque converter, a mathematical model of the wind wheel is established and combined with the speed regulation system to obtain the operating rule of the abstract torque converter, that is, the turbine torque and the rotating speed of the torque converter during the operation of the wind wheel The law of the study is compiled into a program, the changes of the law are clearly reflected, the influence of the performance of the torque converter on the efficiency of the speed-regulating system is obtained, and the next step is designed The torque converter lays the foundation for the torque converter. (2) The structure form of the torque converter is determined by combining the existing analysis and design guide vane adjustable torque converter, and In this paper, the geometric similarity method is used to determine the cycle circle. The equal-angle projection method for designing the blade of the torque converter is studied, the pump wheel of the designed torque converter is programmed, and the turbine and the guide wheel of the torque converter are designed by the design method of the single-curved blade. The guide vane adjusting mechanism of the torque converter is provided. The blade and the adjusting mechanism are assembled and obtained. the three-dimensional model of the adjustable torque converter. (3) the torque converter is analyzed by the three-dimensional flow field theory, The change of the flow field during the change of the opening degree of the guide vane is to calculate the opening degree of the guide vane from 0 to 1 by using the CFD fluid software. The change of the flow field of the torque converter with different speed ratio is obtained. The change of the opening degree of the guide vane and the change of the pressure of the guide wheel are obtained. The regulation structure of the guide vane is optimized. At the same time, the change of the rotating moment of the structure is adjusted with the change of the rotation speed of the wind wheel during the operation of the wind power generation. The control and manufacture of the rear regulating mechanism is prepared. At the same time, the performance of the torque converter is studied and applied to the wind power generation. the invention relates to an improvement scheme of a torque converter in a hydraulic speed regulation system, (4) a mathematical model of an adjustable torque converter is established, The variation of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter with the rotation speed of the wind wheel is obtained. The efficiency of the speed-regulating system and the change of the circulating power are further obtained. In conclusion, the design is applied to the hydraulic speed regulation system of wind power generation, which can realize the constant speed of the variable speed input. The output and the guide vane adjustable torque converter are well matched with the wind turbine unit. By modeling and simulation of the torque converter, the change rule of the angle of the guide wheel blade in the running process of the wind wheel is obtained, and the time limitation of the speed governing system at the rated wind speed is obtained. The rate is 94.8%, and the system meets the needs of the wind power generation system. The research work is of great significance to the development of a new hydraulic speed-regulating system for wind power generation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137.332;TM315
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 马文星;刘彬;刘春宝;刘浩;;风力发电液力调速系统及其控制[J];吉林大学学报(工学版);2013年05期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 韩瑜;大功率多元液力调速系统性能研究[D];吉林大学;2012年
2 刘彬;风力发电液力调速系统及其控制研究[D];吉林大学;2012年
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