对水胀和冷弯两种成形方法的液压系统的节能分析和改造
发布时间：2018-11-15 23:44
【摘要】：水胀成形和冷弯成形是机械加工中的两种成形方式。其中,水胀成形是通过模具,以液体(水、乳化液或油)作为传力介质,在无摩擦状态下,使空心件或管状坯料由内向外扩张的成形方法；其广泛用于真空杯(不锈钢、铜、铝、铁等材质)、保温瓶、水壶以及其他餐具、器皿的加工成形。冷弯成形是采用液压力进行弯曲的弹塑性变形,而船体型材冷弯是一种难度较大的塑性加工。两种成形方式都是以液压传动作为机械设备的动力传动系统。因此对两种成形方式液压系统节能技术的研究改造工作具有十分重要的意义。 本文首先分析了液压系统的能量损耗,如：动力元件部分的能耗、控制元件部分的能耗、执行元件部分的能耗,管道部分的能耗,以及通用的节能技术,如：提高液压泵的效率、液压阀的效率,减少液压管路压力损失,减少系统发热和泄露等。比较详细地介绍了液压油路块节能布置——三维路径连接法则。 然后分析了水胀成形液压系统原理图以及主缸运动回路的功耗,并对此回路进行了仿真分析。提出了适应此主缸运动液压回路的节能方案,如闭式泵控回路、压力匹配系统,并对其进行了优缺点分析；提出了能量循环利用回路,将蓄能器单独用于回路中和将二次调节技术用于回路中,从提高电动机的驱动功率出发,对其进行了单独分析和比较。从能量的充分利用和循环利用方面分析,从电动机的驱动功率最小出发,得出二次调节技术是比较理想的节能方案。 最后介绍了冷弯成形的成形原理以及液压系统回路组成,分析了应用于冷弯成形主弯回路的节能突破口——功率匹配问题。提出了将负荷传感技术应用在主弯回路中。虽然其能使泵的输出压力和流量自动适应负载的需求,大幅度提高液压系统效率,但是依然存在一些缺陷；提出了更有效的节约能源的方法——采用电液比例换向阀,通过控制其输入电流来驱动阀芯位移,达到了控制液压缸的效果,但其压力损失比较严重；最后采用泵控回路,将电液换向阀和限压式变量泵应用在回路中,这样可以减少压力损失,进一步提高冷弯回路的工作效率。
[Abstract]:Water forming and cold forming are two kinds of forming methods in machining. Water swelling forming is a forming method in which the hollow parts or tube billets are expanded from inside to outside in the condition of no friction, with liquid (water, emulsion or oil) as the force transfer medium through the die and the liquid (water, emulsion or oil) as the force transfer medium. It is widely used in vacuum cup (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, iron and other materials), thermos, kettle and other tableware, utensils processing forming. Cold forming is a kind of elastoplastic deformation with hydraulic force, and cold bending of hull is a kind of difficult plastic processing. The two forming methods are hydraulic transmission as the power transmission system of mechanical equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to research and transform the two forms of hydraulic system energy saving technology. This paper first analyzes the energy loss of hydraulic system, such as the energy consumption of the power component, the energy consumption of the control component, the energy consumption of the executive component, the energy consumption of the pipeline, and the general energy saving technology. Such as: improve the efficiency of hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve efficiency, reduce hydraulic pipeline pressure loss, reduce system heating and leakage. The energy saving arrangement of hydraulic oil block-three-dimensional path connection rule is introduced in detail. Then, the principle diagram of hydraulic system and the power consumption of the main cylinder motion loop are analyzed, and the simulation analysis of this circuit is carried out. An energy saving scheme suitable for this main cylinder moving hydraulic circuit is put forward, such as closed pump control circuit, pressure matching system, and its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The energy recycle circuit is put forward, the accumulator is used separately in the circuit and the secondary regulation technology is used in the circuit. In order to improve the driving power of the motor, the separate analysis and comparison are made. Based on the analysis of the full utilization of energy and the recycle utilization, from the point of view of the minimum driving power of the motor, it is concluded that the secondary regulation technology is an ideal energy saving scheme. Finally, the forming principle of cold forming and the composition of hydraulic system loop are introduced, and the energy saving breakthrough of the main bending loop in cold forming is analyzed, which is the power matching problem. The application of load sensing technology in the main bending loop is presented. Although it can make the pump output pressure and flow automatically adapt to the demand of load, greatly improve the efficiency of hydraulic system, but there are still some defects; In this paper, a more effective energy saving method is put forward, that is, the electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve is used to drive the displacement of the valve core by controlling its input current, which achieves the effect of controlling the hydraulic cylinder, but the pressure loss is serious. Finally, by using pump control circuit, the electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the pressure limiting variable pump are applied in the loop, which can reduce the pressure loss and further improve the working efficiency of the cold bending loop.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137
本文编号：2334751
[Abstract]:Water forming and cold forming are two kinds of forming methods in machining. Water swelling forming is a forming method in which the hollow parts or tube billets are expanded from inside to outside in the condition of no friction, with liquid (water, emulsion or oil) as the force transfer medium through the die and the liquid (water, emulsion or oil) as the force transfer medium. It is widely used in vacuum cup (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, iron and other materials), thermos, kettle and other tableware, utensils processing forming. Cold forming is a kind of elastoplastic deformation with hydraulic force, and cold bending of hull is a kind of difficult plastic processing. The two forming methods are hydraulic transmission as the power transmission system of mechanical equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to research and transform the two forms of hydraulic system energy saving technology. This paper first analyzes the energy loss of hydraulic system, such as the energy consumption of the power component, the energy consumption of the control component, the energy consumption of the executive component, the energy consumption of the pipeline, and the general energy saving technology. Such as: improve the efficiency of hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve efficiency, reduce hydraulic pipeline pressure loss, reduce system heating and leakage. The energy saving arrangement of hydraulic oil block-three-dimensional path connection rule is introduced in detail. Then, the principle diagram of hydraulic system and the power consumption of the main cylinder motion loop are analyzed, and the simulation analysis of this circuit is carried out. An energy saving scheme suitable for this main cylinder moving hydraulic circuit is put forward, such as closed pump control circuit, pressure matching system, and its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The energy recycle circuit is put forward, the accumulator is used separately in the circuit and the secondary regulation technology is used in the circuit. In order to improve the driving power of the motor, the separate analysis and comparison are made. Based on the analysis of the full utilization of energy and the recycle utilization, from the point of view of the minimum driving power of the motor, it is concluded that the secondary regulation technology is an ideal energy saving scheme. Finally, the forming principle of cold forming and the composition of hydraulic system loop are introduced, and the energy saving breakthrough of the main bending loop in cold forming is analyzed, which is the power matching problem. The application of load sensing technology in the main bending loop is presented. Although it can make the pump output pressure and flow automatically adapt to the demand of load, greatly improve the efficiency of hydraulic system, but there are still some defects; In this paper, a more effective energy saving method is put forward, that is, the electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve is used to drive the displacement of the valve core by controlling its input current, which achieves the effect of controlling the hydraulic cylinder, but the pressure loss is serious. Finally, by using pump control circuit, the electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the pressure limiting variable pump are applied in the loop, which can reduce the pressure loss and further improve the working efficiency of the cold bending loop.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137
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