刚柔耦合齿轮箱系统的故障特征分析与研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 07:41

【摘要】：齿轮箱系统作为现代机械设备中一种常用的和必不可少的零部件,由于其本身结构复杂,工作强度很大,工作环境恶劣等原因,很容易受到损害和出现故障,而其一旦出现故障,造成的安全问题和经济利益问题常常都是巨大的。因此,无论是从安全角度还是经济利益角度出发,对齿轮箱系统进行状态监测和故障诊断,防止故障的发生,都有着重要的价值和意义。利用虚拟样机技术对齿轮箱系统的故障进行仿真研究,并对其振动信号进行分析,是最近几年来随着计算机技术的发展和完善而新兴的一个前沿的课题。在齿轮箱系统的箱体上采集到的振动信号里包含着丰富的能反映其运行状态的信息,所以本文建立了齿轮箱系统的刚柔耦合虚拟样机模型,对其进行仿真并且对箱体上的振动信号进行了分析研究,其结果与理论计算值和实验数据基本一致,验证了本虚拟样机模型的准确性与可信性,为借助虚拟样机技术进行齿轮箱系统的故障诊断和特征分析提供了种新的思路。本论文进行的主要工作如下： (1)利用三维实体造型软件PROE,创建了齿轮箱系统的三维实体零件图及装配体模型,并且详细介绍了运用PROE进行直齿圆柱齿轮参数化建模的方法。 (2)借助PROE与ADAMS的专用数据转换接口软件Mechanism/Pro,将齿轮箱系统的三维实体模型导入ADAMS,生成齿轮箱系统的多刚体模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS将其中的输入轴、输出轴、上箱体、下箱体柔性化后替换多刚体模型中的相应零件,对模型施加约束、载荷、驱动,建立了齿轮箱系统的刚柔耦合虚拟样机模型。 (3)对齿轮箱系统的刚柔耦合虚拟样机模型进行正常运行、齿轮磨损故障、断齿故障三种工况下的仿真,得到的仿真结果与理论计算值及实验数据基本一致,从而验证了本文所建模型的准确性与可信性。 (4)以文中仿真提取到的齿轮箱系统的振动信号为例,分析了处理振动信号常用的时域分析法、频域分析法、细化谱分析法、解调谱分析法在齿轮箱系统振动特征分析和特征提取方面的优势。
[Abstract]:As a common and indispensable part in modern mechanical equipment, gearbox system is easy to be damaged and malfunction because of its complicated structure, high working intensity and bad working environment. However, once it fails, the safety problems and economic benefits are often enormous. Therefore, from the point of view of safety and economic benefits, it is of great value and significance to monitor and diagnose the condition of gearbox system and prevent the fault from happening. With the development and perfection of computer technology in recent years, the simulation and analysis of the vibration signal of gearbox system based on virtual prototyping technology is a new frontier subject. The vibration signals collected on the box of the gearbox system contain abundant information which can reflect the running state of the gearbox system, so the rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype model of the gearbox system is established in this paper. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical and experimental data, and the veracity and credibility of the virtual prototype model are verified. It provides a new idea for fault diagnosis and feature analysis of gear box system with virtual prototyping technology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the 3D solid part drawing and assembly model of the gearbox system are created by using 3D solid modeling software PROE,. The parameterized modeling method of spur gear with PROE is introduced in detail. (2) the three-dimensional solid model of the gearbox system is imported into ADAMS, to generate the multi-rigid body model of the gearbox system by using the special data conversion interface software Mechanism/Pro, of PROE and ADAMS, and the input axis and output axis of the gearbox system are obtained by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. After the flexibility of the upper box and lower box, the corresponding parts in the multi-rigid body model were replaced, and the rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype model of the gearbox system was established by imposing constraints, loads and driving on the model. (3) the rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype model of the gearbox system is simulated under three working conditions, namely, gear wear fault and broken tooth fault. The simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation value and the experimental data. The veracity and credibility of the model are verified. (4) taking the vibration signal of the gearbox system as an example, the time-domain analysis method, frequency-domain analysis method and thinning spectrum analysis method are analyzed. The advantages of demodulation spectrum analysis in the vibration feature analysis and feature extraction of gearbox system.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH165.3

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