螺旋面加工刀具的CAD生成方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 04:01

【摘要】：螺旋面作为复杂型面的代表,它在设计与加工方面的研究,长期以来基本是以数学公式推导为基础进行的。尤其是螺旋面加工刀具的设计,公式推导复杂,计算难度较大,虽然已有CAD技术应用于螺旋面的研究,但是主要针对的是加工过程的定性仿真,没有发挥CAD技术在数值提取方面的优势。针对这一现状,本论文在深入研究传统设计理论和设计方法的基础上,充分利用计算机在数值计算、实体造型和绘图方面的优势,提出了新的加工螺旋面用成形刀具廓形CAD方法,以及刀具廓形数据提取、曲线拟合和误差评定方法,并对其中的关键理论及相关技术问题进行了较为全面深入地研究。本文在研究螺旋面的基本生成和加工机理的基础上,采用SOLIDWOEK软件,对以螺旋面端截形为依据来生成螺旋面加工刀具廓形的可行性进行了系统分析；提出了三种加工螺旋面用成形刀具廓形的CAD方法：布尔运算法、薄片法和半径法,并详细描述了采用每种方法得到刀具廓形的实现原理；基于CAD软件提供的API函数,提出了两种数据提取方法——点数据法和曲线数据法,并用SketchPoints方式、SketchSegments子对象方式和Curve曲线方式三种方式实现了点数据法,并对这三种方式进行了比较；基于均匀B样条曲线拟合和非均匀B样条曲线拟合原理,拟合生成了完整的刀具截型曲线；为了对所得到的刀具截型数据进行评估,以刀具截型的公式计算结果为依据,结合拟合曲线法向误差求解的两种方法——解方程法和分段求解法,提出了基于GPS误差评定理论为基础的刀具截型误差评定方法。同时,本文在SolidWorks 2007平台上完成了整体系统软件的编制。为了验证本论文中所提出的各种算法及其相关方法的可行性和准确性,以螺杆泵公转子加工刀具的生成过程为实例,完成了各种CAD方法的刀具截型生成过程及所得结果的误差评定。结果表明布尔运算法在运行时间和运算结果方面均不适于生产实际要求,可应用于定性的CAD仿真观察。薄片法和半径法均取得了很好的刀具截型结果。理论分析和实验结果表明,采用CAD方法来完成螺旋面加工刀具的设计过程是完全可行的。本论文的完成不仅可以使现场的工程技术人员摆脱了复杂公式推导的困扰,也为复杂型面的加工提供了新的思路和可行的方法。
[Abstract]:As the representative of complex surface, the study of helical surface in design and machining has been based on the derivation of mathematical formula for a long time. Especially for the design of helical surface machining tool, the formula derivation is complicated and the calculation is difficult. Although CAD technology has been applied to the study of helical surface, it is mainly aimed at the qualitative simulation of machining process. The advantage of CAD in numerical extraction is not given play to. In view of this situation, this paper makes full use of the advantages of computer in numerical calculation, solid modeling and drawing on the basis of deep research on traditional design theory and design method. A new CAD method for forming tool profile for helical surface machining is proposed, as well as methods for extracting tool profile data, curve fitting and error evaluation. The key theories and related technical problems are studied thoroughly and thoroughly. On the basis of studying the basic generation and machining mechanism of helical surface, the feasibility of generating cutting tool profile of helical face is analyzed systematically by SOLIDWOEK software. In this paper, three CAD methods for machining the profile of forming tool for helical surface are presented: Boolean method, thin slice method and radius method, and the principle of obtaining tool profile by each method is described in detail. Based on the API function provided by CAD software, two data extraction methods, point data method and curve data method, are proposed. The point data method is realized by SketchPoints method, SketchSegments subobject method and Curve curve mode. The three methods are compared. Based on the principle of uniform B-spline curve fitting and non-uniform B-spline curve fitting, the complete cutting curve is generated. In order to evaluate the cutting data obtained, based on the calculation results of the cutter truncation formula and combining the two methods of solving the normal error of the fitting curve, the equation method and the piecewise solution method are used. Based on the theory of GPS error evaluation, the method of tool truncation error evaluation is presented. At the same time, the whole system software is programmed on SolidWorks 2007 platform. In order to verify the feasibility and accuracy of various algorithms and related methods proposed in this paper, the generating process of cutting tools for screw pump public rotors is taken as an example. The cutting profile generation process of various CAD methods and the error evaluation of the obtained results have been completed. The results show that the Boolean operation method is not suitable for practical production in terms of running time and operation results. It can be applied to qualitative CAD simulation observation. Both the thin slice method and the radius method have obtained good cutting results. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that it is feasible to use CAD method to complete the design process of helical surface machining tool. The completion of this paper can not only make the engineers and technicians in the field get rid of the complicated formula derivation, but also provide a new way of thinking and feasible method for the processing of complex surface.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH164

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