轮式起重机回转性能的改进与优化研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 20:37

【摘要】：回转动作是汽车起重机的主要动作之一，回转性能的优劣直接影响汽车起重机的起重性能。目前市场上的各大型起重机均存在回转晃动现象，主要有垂直于变幅平面的晃动和沿回转方向的晃动。随着市场和技术的发展，客户对起重机的质量提出更高的要求，回转动作效果已成为客户关注的重点。本文采用理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法，选择本企业主导产品与国内外标杆机型，对回转间隙、正常吊重时总的变形量、承受侧载和动载时平衡重处的变形、加动态载荷与静态载荷时吊重晃动变形量、加动态载荷时的急停角加速度和液压系统的冲击等进行了测试与分析，发现了本企业产品与国内外标杆产品之间的差异及其原因。针对存在的问题，通过分析制定了相应的对策，通过对回转台结构的改进、有限元计算与优化，基本解决了本企业产品转台在刚度和液压系统中存在的问题。改进后的进一步测试结果证明，与改进前相比，，回转晃动量明显减小，回转起停平稳，操控性能改善，回转性能及其操控性能都有较大提升。论文的研究不仅解决了本企业起重机回转中的晃动问题，而且有助于掌握起重机回转系统的关键技术，对起重机回转系统的的设计有指导意义。
[Abstract]:Rotary action is one of the main actions of truck crane, and the quality of rotary performance directly affects the lifting performance of truck crane. At present, all the large cranes in the market have the phenomenon of rotary sloshing, mainly the sloshing perpendicular to the variable amplitude plane and the sloshing along the direction of rotation. With the development of market and technology, customers demand higher quality of crane. This paper adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and experimental research, selects the leading products of the enterprise and the domestic and foreign benchmarking models, the total deformation of the rotary clearance, the normal lifting load, and the deformation at the balance of the side load and the dynamic load. The dynamic load and static load deformation, the angular acceleration and the impact of hydraulic system are tested and analyzed. The differences between the products and the domestic and foreign benchmarking products are found out. In view of the existing problems, the corresponding countermeasures are made through the analysis. Through the improvement of the structure of the rotary table, the finite element calculation and optimization, the problems existing in the rigidity and hydraulic system of the product turntable of the enterprise are basically solved. The further test results show that the rotary sloshing is obviously reduced, the rotation starts and stops are stable, the control performance is improved, and the rotation performance and the control performance are greatly improved compared with those before the improvement. The research in this paper not only solves the sloshing problem in the crane rotation, but also helps to master the key technology of the crane rotary system, which is of guiding significance to the design of the crane rotary system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.6

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