起重机桁架式臂架优化设计研究
发布时间：2018-11-24 17:47
【摘要】：随着当今世界的飞速发展,各种大型或超大型的水利、水电、火电、核电工程以及城市建筑迅速增多,在满足起重机的起升高度更高、起升重量更大、作业幅度更广的要求同时,起重机结构的轻量化成为当前的一项重要研究内容。面对这一要求,桁架结构以其突出的力学性能优势越来越广泛地被应用于起重机结构设计中,尤其是起重机的臂架结构。关于结构优化的理论一直在深入发展,但是多侧重于解决结构设计的某一问题,而对于复杂的实际工程问题难以得到良好地应用,且不易于设计人员快速掌握。因此,研究用于起重机桁架结构的优化方法,探索起重机结构设计的相关规律,对于起重机结构轻量化设计和系列化设计具有重要意义。 本文以DR1250动臂塔式起重机的桁架式臂架结构为研究对象,研究多工况与多载荷组合的复杂计算条件下起重臂结构的优化方法。采用理论计算与有限元计算相结合的方法,基于参数化思想进行建模,分析臂架结构优化所需的最危险计算条件,从而精简设计变量,提高优化计算效率,同时充分考虑各约束条件、并选择适合该臂架结构优化的最佳优化算法,以保证结果最优。针对桁架结构弦杆和腹杆的刚度匹配问题,本文提取臂架结构中典型的K型结构,通过参数化有限元建模,研究腹杆的壁厚变化和腹杆的外径变化对K型结构相贯节点处应力的影响,研究臂架结构中弦杆和腹杆的刚度匹配关系。 本文基于APDL语言进行参数化有限元建模和结构优化计算,得到了满意的优化结果。该优化方法适合于解决复杂工况下起重机桁架式臂架结构优化设计问题,易于工程人员快速掌握,且APDL程序具有很好的可重用性。通过研究,得到了腹杆尺寸变化下K型结构的应力变化和变形规律,对研究臂架结构弦杆和腹杆的刚度匹配问题、优化臂架结构具有重要价值,为起重机结构设计者在合理选择弦杆和腹杆的尺寸方面提供了有益的参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world today, a variety of large or super-large water conservancy, hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power projects and urban buildings are increasing rapidly. At the same time, the lightening of crane structure has become an important research content. In the face of this requirement, truss structure is more and more widely used in crane structure design, especially in crane jib structure, because of its outstanding mechanical properties. The theory of structural optimization has been developed in depth, but it is difficult to solve the problem of structural design, but it is difficult to be applied to complex practical engineering problems, and it is difficult for designers to master them quickly. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the optimization method of crane truss structure and to explore the relevant rules of crane structure design for the lightweight and serialized design of crane structure. In this paper, the truss jib structure of DR1250 jib crane is taken as the research object, and the optimization method of the cantilever structure under the complex calculation condition of multi-working condition and multi-load combination is studied. Using the method of combining theoretical calculation with finite element calculation, modeling based on parameterization thought, analyzing the most dangerous calculation conditions needed for optimization of boom structure, thus simplifying design variables and improving the efficiency of optimization calculation. At the same time, every constraint condition is fully considered, and the optimal optimization algorithm suitable for the optimization of the boom structure is selected to ensure the optimal result. Aiming at the problem of stiffness matching between chord and web bar of truss structure, the typical K-type structure of arm structure is extracted in this paper, and the parameterized finite element method is used to model it. The influence of the change of the wall thickness of the web bar and the outside diameter of the web bar on the stress at the intersecting joint of the K-type structure is studied. The stiffness matching relationship between the chord and the web rod in the arm structure is studied. In this paper, parametric finite element modeling and structural optimization calculation based on APDL language are carried out, and satisfactory results are obtained. This optimization method is suitable for the optimization design of crane truss jib structure under complex working conditions, which is easy for engineers to master quickly, and the APDL program has good reusability. Through the research, the stress and deformation law of K-type structure with the change of web bar size is obtained, which is of great value for studying the stiffness matching between chord and web bar of boom structure, and optimizing the jib structure. It provides a useful reference for crane structure designer to choose the dimensions of chord and web rod reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH21
本文编号：2354496
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world today, a variety of large or super-large water conservancy, hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power projects and urban buildings are increasing rapidly. At the same time, the lightening of crane structure has become an important research content. In the face of this requirement, truss structure is more and more widely used in crane structure design, especially in crane jib structure, because of its outstanding mechanical properties. The theory of structural optimization has been developed in depth, but it is difficult to solve the problem of structural design, but it is difficult to be applied to complex practical engineering problems, and it is difficult for designers to master them quickly. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the optimization method of crane truss structure and to explore the relevant rules of crane structure design for the lightweight and serialized design of crane structure. In this paper, the truss jib structure of DR1250 jib crane is taken as the research object, and the optimization method of the cantilever structure under the complex calculation condition of multi-working condition and multi-load combination is studied. Using the method of combining theoretical calculation with finite element calculation, modeling based on parameterization thought, analyzing the most dangerous calculation conditions needed for optimization of boom structure, thus simplifying design variables and improving the efficiency of optimization calculation. At the same time, every constraint condition is fully considered, and the optimal optimization algorithm suitable for the optimization of the boom structure is selected to ensure the optimal result. Aiming at the problem of stiffness matching between chord and web bar of truss structure, the typical K-type structure of arm structure is extracted in this paper, and the parameterized finite element method is used to model it. The influence of the change of the wall thickness of the web bar and the outside diameter of the web bar on the stress at the intersecting joint of the K-type structure is studied. The stiffness matching relationship between the chord and the web rod in the arm structure is studied. In this paper, parametric finite element modeling and structural optimization calculation based on APDL language are carried out, and satisfactory results are obtained. This optimization method is suitable for the optimization design of crane truss jib structure under complex working conditions, which is easy for engineers to master quickly, and the APDL program has good reusability. Through the research, the stress and deformation law of K-type structure with the change of web bar size is obtained, which is of great value for studying the stiffness matching between chord and web bar of boom structure, and optimizing the jib structure. It provides a useful reference for crane structure designer to choose the dimensions of chord and web rod reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH21
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