基于可靠性的复杂机械设备数字化设计

发布时间：2018-12-07 10:58

【摘要】：机械设备是工业生产的基础，在国家政策振兴工业的大时代背景下其地位显得尤为重要。当今工业生产对象的多样化、生产产品更新速度的日新月异以及机械设备使用人群的变化决定了机械设备设计理论的重要性。在二十世纪八十年代后，出现了可用性概念的雏形，并在后期阶段逐渐成熟和发展列入国家标准。该理论以对用户友好为基本出发点，综合反映了所设计产品的诸如可靠性、可维修性等性能指标，本文中重点讨论复杂机械设备的可靠性设计。机械设备的可靠性是机械设备的一种内在属性，是一个综合性的指标。基于可靠性的机械设备数字化设计对于既定工况下全面提升设备工作性能起着至关重要的作用。本文以机械设备用户友好为出发点，主要针对机械设备可靠性设计提出了全数字化设计、分析、检验、优化方法体系，并以机床作为复杂机械设备的代表，以国家重大专项青海第一机床厂HMC80机床为具体案例进行了详细分析。首先，通过机床工况进行受力分析与计算，以计算结果作为约束条件，通过拓扑优化方法对机床进行整体的结构设计。其次，根据设计方案建立整机的数字模型，针对模型进行基于可靠性的零部件及整机的静力学和动力学分析，，同时通过频域法数据采集方式验证机床数字模型以及分析方法的准确度。最后，基于分析结果针对机床进行全面的细节优化，从而为更加符合机床工作条件的结构设计提供更具可靠性的设计方案。
[Abstract]:Mechanical equipment is the foundation of industrial production, and its status is especially important under the background of national policy to revitalize industry. The importance of mechanical equipment design theory is determined by the diversification of industrial production objects, the rapid change of product renewal rate and the changes of the people using machinery and equipment. After 1980's, the concept of usability appeared in its embryonic form, and gradually matured and developed into the national standard in the later stage. The theory takes user friendliness as the basic starting point and comprehensively reflects the reliability and maintainability of the designed products. In this paper, the reliability design of complex mechanical equipment is mainly discussed. The reliability of mechanical equipment is an internal attribute of mechanical equipment and a comprehensive index. The digital design of mechanical equipment based on reliability plays an important role in improving the working performance of the equipment under given working conditions. Based on the user friendliness of machinery and equipment, this paper puts forward an all-digital design, analysis, inspection and optimization method system for reliability design of mechanical equipment, and takes the machine tool as the representative of complex mechanical equipment. The HMC80 machine tool of Qinghai No.1 Machine tool Factory is analyzed in detail. Firstly, the mechanical analysis and calculation are carried out under the working conditions of the machine tool, and the overall structure of the machine tool is designed by topological optimization method with the result of calculation as the constraint condition. Secondly, the digital model of the whole machine is established according to the design scheme, and the statics and dynamics analysis of the whole machine based on the reliability of the model is carried out. At the same time, the accuracy of the digital model and the analytical method is verified by the method of data acquisition in frequency domain. Finally, based on the analysis results, the overall detail optimization of the machine tool is carried out, which provides a more reliable design scheme for the structure design which is more suitable to the working conditions of the machine tool.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH122

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