基于载荷谱的兆瓦级风电齿轮箱动态特性研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 13:08

【摘要】：课题来源于国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题“7MW级风电齿轮箱及主轴轴承产业化关键技术研究（2012BAA01B05）”。风力发电机组的单机容量和功率密度正朝着大型化趋势发展，齿轮箱作为风力发电机组主传动系统的关键部件，是一种常年在无规律变向载荷和瞬间强冲击载荷作用下工作的重载齿轮传动装置，也是风电机组中较为薄弱环节之一。目前，国内大部分风电齿轮箱生产商对齿轮箱的设计制造技术仍然处于消化吸收阶段，国产大功率风电齿轮箱故障率较高。因此，研究兆瓦级风电齿轮箱动态性能，对提高兆瓦级风电齿轮箱自主设计开发能力、降低故障率以及推动兆瓦级风电齿轮箱国产化具有重要作用。论文的主要研究内容如下： ①对国内外风电齿轮箱的主要结构形式、传动特点以及传动原理进行介绍，，以一级行星+两级平行轴构成的兆瓦级风电齿轮箱为研究对象，基于RomaxWIND软件建立其三维实体几何模型，进行虚拟装配和干涉检查。 ②在极限和额定载荷工况下，对兆瓦级风电齿轮箱的关键零部件进行静力学分析，得到齿轮箱箱体、行星架的应力云图以及极限载荷系数；对齿轮副啮合特性分析，得到各级齿轮副在极限工况和额定工况下的齿面接触印痕以及行星级载荷分配系数。 ③从系统的角度计算了兆瓦级风电齿轮箱时变刚度激励、传递误差激励、啮合冲击激励等内部激励以及时变风载等外部激励；建立传动系统齿轮-轴-轴承和结构系统-箱体的耦合系统动力学仿真分析模型，研究了耦合系统的固有频率、模态振型；基于实测载荷谱和内部动态激励力，对系统的动态响应进行研究。 ④对兆瓦级风电齿轮箱的外部载荷、载荷-时间分布（LDD）和等效载荷进行分析；在额定载荷、LDD以及等效载荷下对兆瓦级风电齿轮箱各齿轮副接触疲劳强度、弯曲疲劳强度以及各轴承疲劳寿命进行分析，保证传动系统疲劳寿命和可靠性。 ⑤搭建兆瓦级风电齿轮箱动态特性在线测试系统，研究齿轮箱的振动特性，验证仿真分析模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:The project is derived from the national "12th Five-Year Plan", "7MW class wind power gear box and spindle bearing industrialization key technology research (2012BAA01B05)." The single unit capacity and power density of wind turbine are developing towards a large scale. The gearbox is the key component of the main transmission system of the wind turbine. It is a kind of heavy-duty gear transmission which works under the action of irregular variable direction load and instantaneous strong impact load all year round, and is also one of the weaker links in wind turbine. At present, most domestic wind power gearbox manufacturers are still at the stage of digestion and absorption of the design and manufacturing technology of the gearbox, and the failure rate of domestic high-power wind power gearbox is high. Therefore, it is very important to study the dynamic performance of megawatt wind power gearbox to improve the capability of independent design and development, to reduce the failure rate and to promote the localization of megawatt wind power gearbox. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1 the main structure, transmission characteristics and transmission principle of wind power gearbox at home and abroad are introduced. The megawatt grade wind power gearbox composed of two parallel axes of the first stage planet is taken as the research object. The 3D solid geometry model is built based on RomaxWIND software, and virtual assembly and interference inspection are carried out. 2 under the limit and rated load conditions, the key parts of the megawatt wind power gearbox are statically analyzed, and the stress cloud diagram and limit load coefficient of the gearbox box and planetary frame are obtained. Based on the analysis of the meshing characteristics of gear pairs, the contact marks of gear surfaces and the load distribution coefficients of different grades of gear pairs under limited and rated working conditions are obtained. (3) from the system point of view, the internal excitation such as time-varying stiffness excitation, transmission error excitation, meshing shock excitation and external excitation such as time-varying wind load of the megawatt wind power gearbox are calculated. The dynamic simulation model of the coupling system of gear-bearing and structural system-box is established, and the natural frequency and modal mode of the coupling system are studied. Based on the measured load spectrum and internal dynamic excitation, the dynamic response of the system is studied. (4) analyze the external load, load-time distribution (LDD) and equivalent load of the megawatt wind power gearbox; Under rated load, LDD and equivalent load, the contact fatigue strength, bending fatigue strength and bearing fatigue life of each gear pair of megawatt grade wind power gearbox are analyzed to ensure the fatigue life and reliability of transmission system. (5) the on-line testing system of dynamic characteristics of megawatt wind power gearbox is built, the vibration characteristic of gearbox is studied, and the validity of simulation analysis model is verified.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM315;TH132.4

【相似文献】