离心压缩机推力轴承故障机理研究

发布时间：2018-12-20 11:24

【摘要】：离心压缩机广泛应用于石油石化、水利水电、化工冶金等流程工业,离心压缩机的安全运行对企业稳定、安全生产至关重要。离心压缩机故障受到人们广泛关注和研究,离心压缩机推力轴承故障是限制压缩机长时间运行的重要原因。典型的推力轴承故障是推力轴承由于轴向载荷过大,产生较大轴向位移,油膜破裂发生烧瓦,轴承破坏,压缩机被迫停机。基于以上原因,本文利用CFX-ANSYS流固耦合软件对离心压缩机推力轴承的故障机理进行研究,主要研究推力轴承的性能参数如：推力轴承的润滑油膜压力、润滑油膜温度及推力轴承的承载力与轴位移的关系。首先,本文建立了离心压缩机推力轴承的数学模型,其中包括其润滑油膜的雷诺方程、粘温方程、能量方程及膜厚方程等,了解了推力轴承的润滑机理。对所提出的数学模型列举了计算方法,最终本文选用流固耦合软件CFX-ANSYS的数值模拟计算方法对其进行分析。其次,本文采用流固耦合的方法计算离心压缩机推力轴承在不同转速下、不同油膜厚度下的性能参数,其中包括润滑油膜作用于轴承的的压力分布、润滑油膜的温度分布、推力瓦块的变形情况以及推力轴承的轴向承载能力和轴位移之间的关系。然后,利用实验室现有的透平压缩机进行了推力轴承的实验研究。在实验过程中,积极研究实验机理,然后搭建离心压缩机推力轴承试验台,详细制定实验步骤进行试验。实验研究了不同载荷工况下的推力轴承轴向载荷与轴向位移之间的关系。最后,基于原有实验台设计了多功能新型透平压缩机调控实验台。在设计新型试验台时,引入了电磁轴承、改进了注油腔室并对压缩机叶轮叶片进行了高效设计。
[Abstract]:Centrifugal compressor is widely used in petrochemical, water conservancy and hydropower, chemical metallurgy and other process industries. The safe operation of centrifugal compressor is very important to the stability and safety of production. The fault of centrifugal compressor is widely concerned and studied. The fault of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is an important reason to restrict the compressor running for a long time. The typical fault of thrust bearing is that the axial displacement of thrust bearing is too large, the oil film is broken, the bearing is destroyed, and the compressor is forced to stop. Based on the above reasons, the fault mechanism of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is studied by using CFX-ANSYS fluid-solid coupling software. The performance parameters of thrust bearing such as lubricating oil film pressure of thrust bearing are studied. The relationship between bearing capacity and axial displacement of lubricating oil film temperature and thrust bearing. Firstly, the mathematical model of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor is established, which includes Reynolds equation, viscous temperature equation, energy equation and film thickness equation of lubricating oil film, and the lubrication mechanism of thrust bearing is understood. Finally, the numerical simulation method of fluid-solid coupling software CFX-ANSYS is used to analyze the proposed mathematical model. Secondly, the performance parameters of thrust bearing of centrifugal compressor under different rotational speeds and different oil film thickness are calculated by using fluid-solid coupling method, including the pressure distribution of lubricating oil film acting on bearing and the temperature distribution of lubricating oil film. The deformation of thrust tile and the relationship between axial bearing capacity and axial displacement of thrust bearing. Then, the thrust bearing is studied by using the existing turbine compressor in laboratory. In the process of experiment, the experimental mechanism is studied actively, and then the centrifugal compressor thrust bearing test bench is built, and the experimental steps are worked out in detail. The relationship between axial load and axial displacement of thrust bearing under different load conditions is studied experimentally. Finally, a multi-function new turbine compressor control test bench is designed based on the original experimental platform. In the design of the new test bed, the active magnetic bearing is introduced, the oil chamber is improved and the impeller blade of the compressor is designed efficiently.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH452

【参考文献】