QTP100平头塔机起重臂结构设计与分析
发布时间：2018-12-28 07:38
【摘要】：塔式起重机是建筑行业中的一种重要起升设备，新型平头塔式起重机因安装方便、起重臂受力特性好等优点广受用户青睐。为适应市场发展需求，湘潭某塔式起重机生产企业开展了QTP100平头塔式起重机的研制工作，本人承担了其起重臂的设计任务。本论文在分析起重臂所受各种载荷的基础上，开展了平头塔式起重机起重臂设计计算、起重臂有限元模拟分析以及结构优化等工作。 （1）介绍了国内外平头塔式起重机的发展情况及研究现状，分析了起重臂在各种工况条件下所受载荷及其处理方法，比较了极限状态应力法和许用应力设计法的区别，得出了初步结构计算中采用许用应力法较为合适，而在非线性有限元模拟分析中，采用极限状态应力法其分析结果更为合理的结论； （2）综合应用结构力学、理论力学、材料力学等知识，结合平头起重臂实际结构特点建立力学模型，对起重臂所受的各种载荷进行计算整合并将其转化为各杆件所受的直接拉压力，根据各杆件所受的拉压力并结合稳定性要求计算出杆件所需几何尺寸，最终完成了QTP100起重臂结构的设计计算； （3）应用ANSYSAPDL语言建立了起重臂参数化有限元模型，运用极限状态应力法对起重臂进行了两种工况的有限元模拟计算，模拟结果显示起重臂各受载部件强度均符合设计要求，初步验证了设计计算的合理性； （4）进行了起重臂应力测试试验，获得了其上各关键点的应力值，结果显示起重臂整体强度满足要求，验证了设计计算的正确性，试验结果与采用极限状态法模拟的结果基本吻合，证明了平头起重臂的有限元分析中，运用极限状态应力法所得结果符合实际； （5）采用ANSYS优化模块对所建的参数化模型模拟进行了结构优化，，优化结果显示通过协调改变各杆件截面几何尺寸，起重臂整体重量存在14%理论优化空间。
[Abstract]:Tower crane is an important lifting equipment in the construction industry. The new type of flat head tower crane is favored by users because of its convenient installation and good mechanical characteristics of the boom. In order to meet the needs of market development, a tower crane production enterprise in Xiangtan has carried out the research and development of QTP100 flat head tower crane, and I have undertaken the design task of its lifting arm. Based on the analysis of various loads on the hoisting boom, the design and calculation of the hoist boom of the flat-head tower crane, the finite element simulation analysis of the hoisting arm and the structural optimization are carried out in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the development and research status of flat-head tower crane at home and abroad are introduced, the load and treatment method of boom under various working conditions are analyzed, and the difference between limit state stress method and allowable stress design method is compared. It is concluded that the allowable stress method is more suitable in the preliminary structure calculation, but the limit state stress method is more reasonable in the nonlinear finite element simulation analysis. (2) synthesizing the knowledge of structural mechanics, theoretical mechanics and material mechanics, and combining with the actual structural characteristics of the flat-head lifting arm, the mechanical model is established. The various loads on the lifting arm are calculated and integrated and converted into the direct tension pressure on each member. According to the pull pressure on each member and in combination with the stability requirements, the required geometric dimensions of the rod are calculated. Finally, the design and calculation of the structure of QTP100 lifting arm are completed. (3) the parameterized finite element model of the lifting arm is established by using ANSYSAPDL language, and the finite element simulation of the lifting arm under two conditions is carried out by using the limit state stress method. The simulation results show that the strength of the loaded parts of the boom meets the design requirements, and the rationality of the design calculation is preliminarily verified. (4) the stress test of the lifting arm is carried out, and the stress values at the key points are obtained. The results show that the overall strength of the lifting arm meets the requirements, and the correctness of the design and calculation is verified. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results simulated by the limit state method. It is proved that the results obtained by using the ultimate state stress method in the finite element analysis of the flat-head lifting arm are in line with the reality. (5) the structural optimization of the parameterized model is carried out by using ANSYS optimization module. The optimization results show that there is 14% theoretical optimization space for the overall weight of the starting arm by changing the cross-section geometry of each member in coordination.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3
本文编号：2393686
[Abstract]:Tower crane is an important lifting equipment in the construction industry. The new type of flat head tower crane is favored by users because of its convenient installation and good mechanical characteristics of the boom. In order to meet the needs of market development, a tower crane production enterprise in Xiangtan has carried out the research and development of QTP100 flat head tower crane, and I have undertaken the design task of its lifting arm. Based on the analysis of various loads on the hoisting boom, the design and calculation of the hoist boom of the flat-head tower crane, the finite element simulation analysis of the hoisting arm and the structural optimization are carried out in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the development and research status of flat-head tower crane at home and abroad are introduced, the load and treatment method of boom under various working conditions are analyzed, and the difference between limit state stress method and allowable stress design method is compared. It is concluded that the allowable stress method is more suitable in the preliminary structure calculation, but the limit state stress method is more reasonable in the nonlinear finite element simulation analysis. (2) synthesizing the knowledge of structural mechanics, theoretical mechanics and material mechanics, and combining with the actual structural characteristics of the flat-head lifting arm, the mechanical model is established. The various loads on the lifting arm are calculated and integrated and converted into the direct tension pressure on each member. According to the pull pressure on each member and in combination with the stability requirements, the required geometric dimensions of the rod are calculated. Finally, the design and calculation of the structure of QTP100 lifting arm are completed. (3) the parameterized finite element model of the lifting arm is established by using ANSYSAPDL language, and the finite element simulation of the lifting arm under two conditions is carried out by using the limit state stress method. The simulation results show that the strength of the loaded parts of the boom meets the design requirements, and the rationality of the design calculation is preliminarily verified. (4) the stress test of the lifting arm is carried out, and the stress values at the key points are obtained. The results show that the overall strength of the lifting arm meets the requirements, and the correctness of the design and calculation is verified. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results simulated by the limit state method. It is proved that the results obtained by using the ultimate state stress method in the finite element analysis of the flat-head lifting arm are in line with the reality. (5) the structural optimization of the parameterized model is carried out by using ANSYS optimization module. The optimization results show that there is 14% theoretical optimization space for the overall weight of the starting arm by changing the cross-section geometry of each member in coordination.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 尹强;塔式起重机钢结构可靠性研究[D];重庆大学;2005年
2 张青;极限状态设计法在塔式起重机钢结构设计中的应用研究[D];山东大学;2010年
本文编号：2393686
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/jixiegongcheng/2393686.html
