基于摩擦的空间齿轮系统振动特性分析与试验研究
发布时间：2019-01-28 18:55
【摘要】：齿轮传动机构是空间机械结构的关键部件,属于故障多发件,故障多为润滑失效,其失效比例占总故障的60%。由于真空环境中缺少传导热的有效介质,导致齿轮运转过程中齿面因摩擦、冲击产生的热量不易散失,齿轮较高的温升,导致齿面油膜损伤和润滑失效。齿轮系统一旦出现故障将直接威胁到传动机构甚至整个航天器系统的安全。因此有必要对齿轮系统进行故障诊断和寿命预测。齿轮的润滑失效形式主要与摩擦有关,因此,本文从摩擦角度出发,研究摩擦与振动的关系,通过振动信号的变化判断齿轮的使用寿命。开展齿轮寿命周期过程中摩擦与振动信息耦合、故障监测和诊断、寿命评价等的研究,建立轮齿摩擦副摩擦系数与故障诊断、寿命评价间的联系,将对空间齿轮系统摩擦磨损机理和振动故障研究具有重要的意义,也将对空间齿轮系统状态监测和寿命预测具有重要的应用价值。 本文从弹流润滑理论着手,分析了摩擦系数同油膜比厚的变化关系,指出摩擦系数可以作为油膜厚度评定的指标。考虑齿轮摩擦和振动的相关性,将摩擦系数引入到齿轮系统的动力学方程中,建立了两自由度的齿轮啮合动力学方程,分区段讨论了变摩擦系数对齿轮径向力的影响。利用ABAQUS对该齿轮机构在不同摩擦系数下进行了动力学分析,通过对提取的运动学参量(角速度)和动力学参量(角加速度、摩擦力、径向力)的时域和频域特征分析,提出振动信号的均方幅值RMS指标可以有效识别摩擦系数的变化,具有相对较好的灵敏性,并给出了径向力的均方幅值RMS和频率幅值随摩擦系数变化的函数关系。 搭建振动测试试验平台,分别对干摩擦和脂润滑条件下齿轮径向力进行RMS和频谱分析。与仿真结果比较,数据吻合,满足分析要求,证明了采用RMS指标建立振动与摩擦系数间关系的可行性。提出了采用振动信号RMS指标作为真空条件下齿轮运行寿命的评价指标,依据齿轮运行的时间—RMS曲线,可以初步预测齿轮的寿命。
[Abstract]:Gear transmission mechanism is the key component of space mechanical structure, which belongs to the fault multiple parts, and the fault is mostly lubricating failure, and its failure ratio accounts for 60% of the total faults. Due to the lack of effective medium of heat conduction in vacuum environment, the tooth surface of gear is not easy to be lost due to friction, and the heat produced by impact is not easy to be lost. The higher temperature rise of gear leads to oil film damage and lubrication failure of gear surface. Once the gear system fails, it will directly threaten the safety of the transmission mechanism and even the whole spacecraft system. Therefore, it is necessary to fault diagnosis and life prediction of gear system. The lubrication failure form of gear is mainly related to friction. Therefore, the relationship between friction and vibration is studied from the angle of friction, and the service life of gear is judged by the change of vibration signal. This paper studies the coupling of friction and vibration information, fault monitoring and diagnosis, life evaluation and so on, and establishes the relationship between friction coefficient of gear tooth friction pair and fault diagnosis, life evaluation, etc. It will be of great significance to the study of friction and wear mechanism and vibration failure of space gear system, and will also have important application value to the condition monitoring and life prediction of space gear system. Based on the theory of elastohydrodynamic lubrication, this paper analyzes the relationship between the friction coefficient and the oil film thickness, and points out that the friction coefficient can be used as an index to evaluate the oil film thickness. Considering the correlation between gear friction and vibration, the friction coefficient is introduced into the dynamic equation of gear system, and the meshing dynamics equation of gear with two degrees of freedom is established. The influence of variable friction coefficient on the radial force of gear is discussed in different sections. The dynamic analysis of the gear mechanism under different friction coefficients is carried out by using ABAQUS. The time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the extracted kinematics parameters (angular velocity) and dynamic parameters (angular acceleration, friction, radial force) are analyzed. It is proposed that the mean square amplitude RMS index of vibration signal can effectively identify the variation of friction coefficient, and it has relatively good sensitivity. The function relationship between the mean square amplitude RMS of radial force and the variation of frequency amplitude with friction coefficient is given. The vibration test platform was set up to analyze the radial force of gear under dry friction and grease lubrication by RMS and frequency spectrum, respectively. Compared with the simulation results, the data agree well and meet the requirement of analysis. The feasibility of establishing the relationship between vibration and friction coefficient by using RMS index is proved. The RMS index of vibration signal is used as the evaluation index of gear running life under vacuum condition. According to the time-RMS curve of gear running, the gear life can be preliminarily predicted.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.41
本文编号：2417216
[Abstract]:Gear transmission mechanism is the key component of space mechanical structure, which belongs to the fault multiple parts, and the fault is mostly lubricating failure, and its failure ratio accounts for 60% of the total faults. Due to the lack of effective medium of heat conduction in vacuum environment, the tooth surface of gear is not easy to be lost due to friction, and the heat produced by impact is not easy to be lost. The higher temperature rise of gear leads to oil film damage and lubrication failure of gear surface. Once the gear system fails, it will directly threaten the safety of the transmission mechanism and even the whole spacecraft system. Therefore, it is necessary to fault diagnosis and life prediction of gear system. The lubrication failure form of gear is mainly related to friction. Therefore, the relationship between friction and vibration is studied from the angle of friction, and the service life of gear is judged by the change of vibration signal. This paper studies the coupling of friction and vibration information, fault monitoring and diagnosis, life evaluation and so on, and establishes the relationship between friction coefficient of gear tooth friction pair and fault diagnosis, life evaluation, etc. It will be of great significance to the study of friction and wear mechanism and vibration failure of space gear system, and will also have important application value to the condition monitoring and life prediction of space gear system. Based on the theory of elastohydrodynamic lubrication, this paper analyzes the relationship between the friction coefficient and the oil film thickness, and points out that the friction coefficient can be used as an index to evaluate the oil film thickness. Considering the correlation between gear friction and vibration, the friction coefficient is introduced into the dynamic equation of gear system, and the meshing dynamics equation of gear with two degrees of freedom is established. The influence of variable friction coefficient on the radial force of gear is discussed in different sections. The dynamic analysis of the gear mechanism under different friction coefficients is carried out by using ABAQUS. The time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the extracted kinematics parameters (angular velocity) and dynamic parameters (angular acceleration, friction, radial force) are analyzed. It is proposed that the mean square amplitude RMS index of vibration signal can effectively identify the variation of friction coefficient, and it has relatively good sensitivity. The function relationship between the mean square amplitude RMS of radial force and the variation of frequency amplitude with friction coefficient is given. The vibration test platform was set up to analyze the radial force of gear under dry friction and grease lubrication by RMS and frequency spectrum, respectively. Compared with the simulation results, the data agree well and meet the requirement of analysis. The feasibility of establishing the relationship between vibration and friction coefficient by using RMS index is proved. The RMS index of vibration signal is used as the evaluation index of gear running life under vacuum condition. According to the time-RMS curve of gear running, the gear life can be preliminarily predicted.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.41
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