高压螺旋转子泵及其复杂刀具设计系统开发

发布时间：2019-02-13 11:57

【摘要】：齿轮泵作为一种能量转换装置在国民经济中起着不可替代的作用。随着社会的发展，人们对环保意识和能源危机的概念越来越强。传统齿轮泵的低压、流量脉动大、噪声大、效率低等问题越来越突出。国外高压螺旋转子泵的出现给齿轮泵提供了一个新的发展方向。高压螺旋转子泵不仅继承了传统齿轮泵结构简单的优点，而且拥有高压、流量脉动小、低噪声等优点。然而国内对高压螺旋转子泵的理论研究处于起步阶段，缺乏一套完善的理论体系。本文就是以高压螺旋转子泵为研究对象，建立一套高压螺旋转子泵的转子的型线设计原则、啮合特性的分析、泵性能特性的分析、泵的结构设计、转子制造加工技术等较为完善的理论体系。本文首先从啮合齿面出发，确定了一点连续接触的齿廓方程，很好的解决了传统齿轮泵存在的困油现象。根据齿廓方程，建立了螺旋转子的数学模型并理论推导了齿轮的啮合特性，进一步证明了转子齿廓一点连续接触的特征。然后对螺旋转子泵进行了详细的特性分析，建立了泵腔和进出油口的数学模型，理论推导出了泵的排量流量、进出油口尺寸、径向力和径向力波动等参数公式，分析归纳出螺旋转子泵3大特性：流量无脉动、齿轮轴的轴向力和扭矩恒定和径向力大且存在波动。在推导的螺旋转子泵的理论基础上，根据泵的技术指标确定了螺旋转子的齿轮参数和泵的性能参数（工作压力25MPa、流量90.65L/min,流量脉动0%）。确定了泵的性能参数后完成了对泵的结构设计，主要包括泵的整体尺寸设计和泵的主要组成零部件的ANSYS仿真分析。ANSYS仿真分析则包括泵体壁厚的优化分析、主动齿轮轴的模态分析、齿轮轴的静态分析和齿轮接触分析。ANSYS仿真分析确定了泵体壁厚尺寸、主动齿轮轴的振动型式、齿轮轴危险截面的应力和变形、齿轮啮合接触的受力情况等，很好的验证了泵的结构尺寸设计的可靠性。针对螺旋转子的特殊齿廓形状，，本文专门对螺旋转子的复杂加工刀具——铣刀和滚刀进行了设计。以空间啮合原理为基础，设计推导铣刀的回转面齿廓和滚刀的基本蜗杆，并分别对正前角铣刀廓形和正前角滚刀的前刀面齿形进行了详细的推导，完成了对铣刀和滚刀的齿形基础理论工作。在理论计算齿形的基础上完成对铣刀和滚刀的结构尺寸设计并绘制出刀具工程图。为了更好的将螺旋转子泵的研究简洁化和通用化，本文建立了一套以MatlabGUI为平台的适用于螺旋转子泵及其复杂刀具设计系统功能软件。系统软件可完成齿轮参数设计、泵参数设计、齿轮刀具设计和数控加工刀轨规划等工作，从而将螺旋转子泵的整个设计研究有效串联在一起。
[Abstract]:Gear pump as an energy conversion device plays an irreplaceable role in the national economy. With the development of society, the concept of environmental protection and energy crisis is becoming stronger and stronger. The problems of low pressure, large flow pulsation, high noise and low efficiency of traditional gear pump are more and more prominent. The appearance of high-pressure spiral rotor pump provides a new developing direction for gear pump. High pressure spiral rotor pump not only inherits the advantages of simple structure of traditional gear pump, but also has the advantages of high pressure, low flow pulsation and low noise. However, the theoretical study of high-pressure screw rotor pump is still in its infancy and lacks a perfect theoretical system. This paper takes the high pressure screw rotor pump as the research object, establishes a set of rotor profile design principle, meshing characteristic analysis, pump performance characteristic analysis, pump structure design of the high pressure screw rotor pump. Rotor manufacturing and processing technology and other more perfect theoretical system. In this paper, starting from the meshing tooth surface, the tooth profile equation of a point of continuous contact is determined, which solves the problem of oil trap in the traditional gear pump. According to the tooth profile equation, the mathematical model of the helical rotor is established and the meshing characteristics of the gear are deduced theoretically, which further proves the characteristics of the continuous contact of the rotor tooth profile. Then, the characteristics of the screw rotor pump are analyzed in detail, and the mathematical models of the pump cavity and inlet and outlet are established. The formulas of pump displacement, inlet and outlet size, radial force and radial force fluctuation are derived theoretically. Three main characteristics of the screw rotor pump are analyzed and summarized: no pulsation of the flow rate, constant axial force and torque of the gear shaft, large radial force and fluctuation. On the basis of the theory of the screw rotor pump, the gear parameters of the screw rotor and the performance parameters of the pump are determined according to the technical specifications of the pump (working pressure 25 MPA, flow rate 90.65 L / min, flow rate fluctuating 0%). After determining the performance parameters of the pump, the structural design of the pump is completed, including the overall size design of the pump and the ANSYS simulation analysis of the main components of the pump. The ANSYS simulation analysis includes the optimization analysis of the wall thickness of the pump body. Modal analysis, static analysis and gear contact analysis of the drive gear shaft. ANSYS simulation analysis determines the wall thickness of the pump body, the vibration type of the drive gear shaft, and the stress and deformation of the dangerous section of the gear shaft. The force of gear meshing contact is very good to verify the reliability of structural dimension design of pump. Aiming at the special tooth profile of spiral rotor, this paper designs the complex machining cutters-milling cutter and hob. Based on the principle of space meshing, the profile of rotary surface tooth of milling cutter and the basic worm of hob are designed and deduced, and the profile of positive angle milling cutter and the profile of front face tooth of positive angle hob are deduced in detail respectively. The basic theory of tooth profile of milling cutter and hob is completed. On the basis of theoretical calculation of tooth profile, the structural dimensions of milling cutters and hobs are designed and the tool engineering drawings are drawn. In order to better simplify and generalize the research of spiral rotor pump, a set of functional software based on MatlabGUI is established for the screw rotor pump and its complex tool design system. The system software can complete gear parameter design, pump parameter design, gear tool design and NC machining tool path planning, so that the whole design research of screw rotor pump can be effectively connected together.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH325

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