基于FPGA的故障检测与定位的容错机制的研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 15:43

【摘要】：由于现场可编程门阵列FPGA具有可多次编程、结构灵活和可靠性高的特点,被应用于大型数字系统中。一旦这些数字系统发生了故障,必将造成人员和财产的巨大损失,因此该系统需要具有高的可靠性。实际应用发现,实现容错的常规方法已经不能满足实际的要求,亟待一种新的容错方法进一步满足实际需求。因此,本文针对有限资源FPGA芯片进行研究,克服了高品质芯片使用久了也会出错或增加系统备份和冗余会使系统的体积、重量和成本急剧增加的缺陷,探究出一种新的基于FPGA的故障检测方法。通过分析高可靠性系统的应用背景和意义,在深入剖析FPGA芯片体系结构的基础上,针对FPGA互联资源的故障覆盖率不高和故障定位不精确的缺陷进行研究,提出了一种有效提高故障覆盖率和故障定位精确度的方法。该方法根据FPGA可多次编程的特点,增加编程模型,可将互联资源的单故障定位到具体开关或一对线段,并可覆盖互联资源的全部单故障。本文在分析典型的FPGA故障检测方法的基础上,完成了基于配置数据的故障检测方法的模块设计,成功设计了三个功能模块,并完成仿真验证。最后,探究了基于配置数据的故障检测方法的关键问题。
[Abstract]:Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is widely used in large digital systems because of its characteristics of multiple programmable, flexible structure and high reliability. Once these digital systems fail, it will cause huge loss of personnel and property, so the system needs high reliability. The practical application shows that the conventional method of fault tolerance can not meet the practical requirements, and a new fault-tolerant method is urgently needed to meet the practical requirements. Therefore, in this paper, the finite resource FPGA chip is studied, which overcomes the defect that the high quality chip will go wrong after long usage or increase the backup and redundancy of the system, which will increase the volume, weight and cost of the system. A new fault detection method based on FPGA is developed. By analyzing the application background and significance of high reliability system, on the basis of deeply analyzing the architecture of FPGA chip, the defects of low fault coverage and inaccurate fault location of FPGA interconnection resources are studied. An effective method to improve the fault coverage and the accuracy of fault location is presented. According to the characteristic that FPGA can be programmed many times, the programming model is added, the single fault of interconnected resource can be located to specific switch or a pair of line segments, and all single faults of interconnected resource can be covered. Based on the analysis of typical FPGA fault detection methods, the module design of fault detection method based on configuration data is completed in this paper. Three functional modules are successfully designed and verified by simulation. Finally, the key problems of fault detection based on configuration data are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH165.3;TN791

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