总压畸变对超声速压气机流场结构影响的机理探索

发布时间：2019-03-05 10:25

【摘要】：压气机的性能和稳定性与进气畸变息息相关。如果无视进气畸变的影响,就会使压气机的气动性能恶化、效率和稳定裕度降低,甚至诱发旋转失速或喘振。因此,流场畸变的研究意义重大。本课题以某型高负荷超声速轴流压气机的一级为研究对象,应用全周非定常数值模拟的方法开展工作。重点研究设计工况下不同进口总压畸变条件时,动静叶栅内流场对畸变来流的响应机制。因为本文的研究对象为某型轴流式压气机一级的改型,其性能参数都较原型有所改变,所以就要重新绘制特性曲线。本文主要绘制90%、100%和110%设计转速下的压气机特性曲线,并采用Fluent和Numeca两种计算软件进行模拟,以便验证数值模拟结果的软件无关性。而后将数值模拟网格应用自适应功能加密,从总参数和关键截面内流场验证了网格无关性。本文对于非定常问题的研究均采用标记流道的方法,首先全面细致的探究了插板深度为进口外径(半径)38.2%的畸变类型。结果表明,畸变会使得压气机时均质量流量和等熵效率降低,并引起压气机可用稳定裕度的损失。通过对一个周期各时间步流场的研究,着重揭示了动静叶区域对于畸变来流的非定常响应。动叶区域,主要关注畸变影响下动叶流道中激波的结构、强度、位置的变化；静叶区域,重点分析畸变影响下静叶流道分离规律。并且从机理上探究了动静叶区域对于畸变响应的原因。对多种不同插板深度畸变的研究表明,随着插板深度的增加,压气机的时均质量流量和效率会随之下降。静叶的流动分离主要集中在叶顶和叶根处,静叶叶根处的分离会对叶顶分离产生抑制。当插板深度大于一定的程度后,进一步增加插板深度,只会使得动叶和静叶区域完全畸变区的流道数目增加(单纯范围上的扩大),而并不会加重单个流道的流动恶化程度。并且对于本文所研究的压气机来说,轮缘处的畸变更影响效率,而轮毂处的畸变更影响流量(即通流能力)。
[Abstract]:The performance and stability of the compressor are closely related to the intake distortion. If the effect of the intake distortion is ignored, the aerodynamic performance of the compressor is deteriorated, the efficiency and the stability margin are reduced, and even the rotating stall or surge is induced. Therefore, the research of flow field distortion is of great significance. In this paper, the first stage of a high-load supersonic axial-flow compressor is used as the research object, and the method of all-week unsteady numerical simulation is applied to carry out the work. In this paper, the response mechanism of the flow field in the dynamic and static cascade is studied. Because the research object of this paper is a modification of an axial-flow compressor stage, the performance parameters are changed with the prototype, so the characteristic curve is to be redrawn Line. This paper mainly draws 90%,100% and 110% of the compressor characteristic curves at the design speed, and uses Fluent and Numeca to simulate the software so as to verify the software of the numerical simulation results. And then the numerical simulation grid is applied to the self-adaptive function encryption, and the grid-independent is verified from the total parameters and the flow field in the critical cross-section. In this paper, the method of marking the flow channel is used in the study of the unsteady problem. First, the design of the depth of the flashboard as the inlet outer diameter (radius) of 38.2% is studied in a comprehensive and detailed way. The results show that the distortion can reduce the mass flow and isentropic efficiency at the time of the compressor and cause the compressor to have a stable margin. The results of the study on the flow field in each time of a cycle show the non-constant of the dynamic and dynamic lobe in the flow of the distorted flow. Constant response. The main focus on the structure, intensity and position of the shock wave in the moving blade flow channel under the influence of the distortion; the static blade area, and the main analysis of the distortion influence the static blade flow channel. From the mechanism, the effect of the dynamic and dynamic leaf area on the distortion is investigated. The results show that, with the increase of the depth of the flashboard, the mass flow and efficiency of the compressor at the time of the compressor The flow separation of the dead leaves is mainly concentrated at the tip of the leaves and the root of the leaves, and the separation of the leaves at the leaves of the leaves can be used to separate the leaves. The depth of the flashboard is further increased when the depth of the flashboard is greater than a certain degree, so that the number of flow channels in the completely distorted area of the moving blade and the stationary blade area is increased (the expansion in the pure range), and the flow of the single flow channel is not increased. the degree of dynamic deterioration. and for the compressor studied herein, the distortion at the rim is more effective and the distortion at the hub influences the flow (i. e.,
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH45

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