基于水基润滑剂的高速动静压陶瓷滑动轴承仿真分析

发布时间：2019-03-10 21:22

【摘要】：高速主轴作为高速精密加工机床的关键部件，近年来在国内外受到了广泛的关注和研究。而轴承作为主轴回转的支撑部件，直接决定着主轴的各项性能指标。目前，液体滑动轴承以其高回转速度、良好的回转精度以及优异的运转稳定性被广泛应用于各类机床主轴。但同时，在主轴高速运转中，轴承润滑油不可避免的产生较大温升，从而影响了主轴的运转精度。近年来，考虑到水的低粘度与清洁性等特点，水润滑主轴开始被研究，并逐渐投入了工业领域。本文主要针对水润滑动静压滑动轴承进行了仿真分析以及相关的实验研究。首先在Fluent中对滑动轴承流场进行了仿真分析，得到润滑液压力场及温度场的分布情况、轴承的承载能力曲线和刚度曲线，以及轴承供液压力、轴承转速、偏心量等参数对轴承承载能力的影响，发现转速和偏心量是影响滑动轴承性能的主要因素。然后，在轴承承载性能的研究中引入了润滑液的粘-温关系曲线，讨论了润滑液温升对承载性能的影响，分析结果说明在轴承结构的设计中不能忽略润滑液温升对轴承承载能力的影响。在滑动轴承流场的分析基础上，利用Ansys中Workbench平台进行了润滑液流场和轴承轴瓦的流-固耦合分析，分析得到了相同工况下采用不同润滑剂时轴瓦的热变形情况，以及相同流场作用下，SiC材料轴瓦和锡青铜合金材料轴瓦的变形情况，结果发现，水基润滑剂与碳化硅陶瓷材料轴瓦的组合能够大幅提高滑动轴承的工作性能，并提升主轴系统的运转精度及稳定性。最后，，通过实验方法，测量了所分析轴承在实际工况下的润滑液温升情况，通过实验数据与仿真分析结果的对比，验证了仿真分析的可靠程度和在轴承设计中的重要意义。
[Abstract]:As a key component of high-speed precision machining machine tool, high-speed spindle has received extensive attention and research in recent years at home and abroad. Bearing, as the supporting part of spindle rotation, directly determines the performance of the spindle. At present, liquid sliding bearings are widely used in various machine tool spindles because of their high rotary speed, good rotary precision and excellent running stability. But at the same time, in the high-speed operation of the spindle, the bearing lubricating oil inevitably produces a larger temperature rise, thus affecting the operation accuracy of the spindle. In recent years, considering the characteristics of low viscosity and cleanliness of water, water lubricated spindle has been studied and gradually put into the industrial field. In this paper, the simulation analysis and related experimental study of water-lubricated hydrostatic sliding bearing are carried out. Firstly, the flow field of sliding bearing is simulated and analyzed in Fluent, and the distribution of lubrication hydraulic field and temperature field, bearing capacity curve and stiffness curve of bearing, as well as the hydraulic pressure of bearing and the speed of bearing are obtained. It is found that rotational speed and eccentric value are the main factors that affect the bearing performance of sliding bearings, such as the influence of eccentricity and other parameters on bearing capacity. Then, the viscosity-temperature relationship curve of lubricating fluid is introduced in the study of bearing performance, and the influence of the temperature rise of lubricating fluid on the bearing performance is discussed. The analysis results show that the influence of temperature rise of lubricating fluid on bearing capacity should not be ignored in the design of bearing structure. Based on the analysis of the flow field of sliding bearing, the fluid-solid coupling analysis of lubrication fluid flow field and bearing bush is carried out by using Workbench platform in Ansys, and the thermal deformation of bearing with different lubricants under the same working condition is analyzed. And under the same flow field, the deformation of SiC bearing and tin bronze bearing was studied. The results show that the combination of water-based lubricant and sic ceramic bearing can greatly improve the performance of sliding bearing, and the performance of sliding bearing can be greatly improved by the combination of water-based lubricant and sic ceramic bearing. And improve the operating accuracy and stability of the spindle system. Finally, through the experimental method, the temperature rise of the lubrication fluid is measured under the actual working conditions. Through the comparison between the experimental data and the simulation analysis results, the reliability of the simulation analysis and the importance of the simulation analysis in the bearing design are verified.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH133.31

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