基于有限元法的变速箱齿轮强度改进研究
发布时间：2019-05-17 00:52
【摘要】：我公司某12挡变速箱是引进日产柴公司的12挡变速箱，经过我公司对该产品技术的消化、吸收、掌握，在此基础上自主研发的12挡变速箱。该变速箱于2006年开始在国内市场上生产、销售。该变速箱具有以下几个特点： 1)采用压铸铝壳体变速箱，总重只有292Kg，重量减轻100Kg； 2)采用前副箱+主箱+后副箱的全同步器多挡位变速箱总成； 3)变速箱副箱切换采用电子控制，通过TCU控制电磁阀对副箱进行换挡操纵，配合挡位识别功能，使可靠性更高； 4)变速箱装有机油滤清器，过滤变速箱润滑油的杂质，保证变速箱润滑油的清洁，针对不同的使用环境，可以加装油冷器，降低变速箱工作油温，延长变速箱内部齿轮、同步器及轴承的使用寿命； 该变速箱在进入市场以来，首先在国内牵引车市场上使用。由于其重量轻，操纵简单，比同类型变速箱百公里省5-10个油，非常适合公路用车的使用，满足国内及国际市场高速运输的使用，在市场上受到了用户的好评。 在工程车的匹配中，市场上出现了后副箱低挡齿轮打齿的故障。为进一步拓展市场，提高市场占有率，使之能适应工程车的使用要求。由于此次改进的限制，不能对变速箱的外形及连接尺寸做大的变更，最大限度保证与原状态零件的通用性，需要对后副箱低挡齿轮进行精细设计。 本文从影响后副箱齿轮强度的相关因素出发：1）后副箱壳体变形；2）副输出轴受力变形；3）齿轮在重载下的啮合状态。由于壳体为不规则形状，常规的计算方法无法准确计算出变形量，，通过齿轮的接触应力分析，确定变速箱低挡齿轮的修形量，是此次研究的重点。目前，ANSYS软件的接触分析功能在各种数值分析软件中分析功能较强。在分析中，对模型的建立、模型的简化、模型计算参数的选择上进行了研究，注重探索齿轮啮合时的实际工况情况下的应力状态进行分析。[1] ANSYS软件是大型通用有限元分析软件，具有强大的建模功能，而且ANSYS还提供了与其它软件接口功能，可以将其它利用软件建立的三维模型输入到ANSYS中使用。[2]本文中的壳体已经采用Pro/E软件建模，壳体的分析采用Pro/e软件进行分析。齿轮的三维实体模型，为在ANSYS中精确建立零件模型提供了一种方法。 对于有限元分析法来说，网格的划分最主要的。ANSYS软件中虽然提供了相应的网格划分功能。如果直接采用软件系统的自由网格划分功能，轮齿和轮体划分出的单元会有较大的误差，会影响计算精度。本文在对齿轮的三维实体模型进行网格划分时，对轮齿的接触部位进行了重点划分，划分成若干个相互粘接的小实体，最终形成齿轮的有限元模型。[2] 后副箱壳体的变形对齿轮的接触应力影响较大，本文分析了由于壳体变形对齿轮啮合应力的影响，对不同螺旋角的啮合进行了分析，结合理论计算及台架试验，最终确认齿轮修形参数。
[Abstract]:Our company a 12-gear gearbox is the introduction of Nissan firewood company 12-gear gearbox, after our company's digestion, absorption, mastery of the product technology, on this basis, independent research and development of the 12-gear gearbox. The gearbox began to be produced and sold in the domestic market in 2006. The gearbox has the following characteristics: 1) the die casting aluminum shell gearbox is adopted, the total weight is only 292kg, the weight is reduced by 100kg, 2) the full synchronizer multi-gear gearbox assembly of the main and rear auxiliary box of the front and auxiliary box is adopted; 3) the switching of gearbox auxiliary box adopts electronic control, and the auxiliary box is controlled by TCU control solenoid valve, which is coordinated with the function of retaining position identification to make the reliability higher. 4) the gearbox is equipped with an oil filter to filter the impurities of the gearbox lubricating oil to ensure the cleanliness of the gearbox lubricating oil. According to the different operating environment, the oil cooler can be installed, the working oil temperature of the gearbox can be reduced, and the internal gear of the gearbox can be prolonged. The service life of synchronizer and bearing; Since entering the market, the gearbox has been first used in the domestic tractor market. Because of its light weight and simple operation, it saves 5 to 10 oil compared with the same type of gearbox, which is very suitable for the use of highway vehicles, meets the use of high-speed transportation in the domestic and international markets, and has been well received by users in the market. In the matching of engineering vehicles, there is a failure of low gear in the rear auxiliary box in the market. In order to further expand the market, increase market share, so that it can meet the requirements of the use of engineering vehicles. Due to the limitation of this improvement, the shape and connection size of the gearbox can not be changed greatly, and the universality with the original state parts can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, so it is necessary to design the low gear of the rear auxiliary box. In this paper, the related factors affecting the strength of the rear auxiliary box gear are as follows: 1) the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell, 2) the stress deformation of the auxiliary output shaft, and 3) the meshing state of the gear under heavy load. Because of the irregular shape of the shell, the conventional calculation method can not accurately calculate the deformation. Through the contact stress analysis of the gear, the modification of the low gear of the gearbox is the focus of this study. At present, the contact analysis function of ANSYS software is strong in all kinds of numerical analysis software. In the analysis, the establishment of the model, the simplification of the model and the selection of the calculation parameters of the model are studied. The stress state under the actual working condition of gear meshing is analyzed. [1] ANSYS software is a large general finite element analysis software, which has powerful modeling function, and ANSYS also provides interface function with other software. Other 3D models established by software can be input into ANSYS. [2] the shell in this paper has been modeled by Pro/E software, and the shell analysis is analyzed by Pro/e software. The three-dimensional solid model of gear provides a method for accurately establishing the part model in ANSYS. For the finite element analysis method, the grid division is the most important. Although the corresponding grid division function is provided in ANSYS software. If the free grid division function of the software system is directly adopted, the unit divided by the gear tooth and the gear body will have a large error, which will affect the calculation accuracy. In this paper, when the three-dimensional solid model of gear is meshed, the contact parts of gear teeth are divided into several small bodies which are bonded to each other. Finally, the finite element model of the gear is formed. [2] the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell has a great influence on the contact stress of the gear. In this paper, due to the influence of the shell deformation on the meshing stress of the gear, the meshing of different spiral angles is analyzed. Combined with theoretical calculation and bench test, the gear modification parameters are finally confirmed.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.41
本文编号：2478678
[Abstract]:Our company a 12-gear gearbox is the introduction of Nissan firewood company 12-gear gearbox, after our company's digestion, absorption, mastery of the product technology, on this basis, independent research and development of the 12-gear gearbox. The gearbox began to be produced and sold in the domestic market in 2006. The gearbox has the following characteristics: 1) the die casting aluminum shell gearbox is adopted, the total weight is only 292kg, the weight is reduced by 100kg, 2) the full synchronizer multi-gear gearbox assembly of the main and rear auxiliary box of the front and auxiliary box is adopted; 3) the switching of gearbox auxiliary box adopts electronic control, and the auxiliary box is controlled by TCU control solenoid valve, which is coordinated with the function of retaining position identification to make the reliability higher. 4) the gearbox is equipped with an oil filter to filter the impurities of the gearbox lubricating oil to ensure the cleanliness of the gearbox lubricating oil. According to the different operating environment, the oil cooler can be installed, the working oil temperature of the gearbox can be reduced, and the internal gear of the gearbox can be prolonged. The service life of synchronizer and bearing; Since entering the market, the gearbox has been first used in the domestic tractor market. Because of its light weight and simple operation, it saves 5 to 10 oil compared with the same type of gearbox, which is very suitable for the use of highway vehicles, meets the use of high-speed transportation in the domestic and international markets, and has been well received by users in the market. In the matching of engineering vehicles, there is a failure of low gear in the rear auxiliary box in the market. In order to further expand the market, increase market share, so that it can meet the requirements of the use of engineering vehicles. Due to the limitation of this improvement, the shape and connection size of the gearbox can not be changed greatly, and the universality with the original state parts can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, so it is necessary to design the low gear of the rear auxiliary box. In this paper, the related factors affecting the strength of the rear auxiliary box gear are as follows: 1) the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell, 2) the stress deformation of the auxiliary output shaft, and 3) the meshing state of the gear under heavy load. Because of the irregular shape of the shell, the conventional calculation method can not accurately calculate the deformation. Through the contact stress analysis of the gear, the modification of the low gear of the gearbox is the focus of this study. At present, the contact analysis function of ANSYS software is strong in all kinds of numerical analysis software. In the analysis, the establishment of the model, the simplification of the model and the selection of the calculation parameters of the model are studied. The stress state under the actual working condition of gear meshing is analyzed. [1] ANSYS software is a large general finite element analysis software, which has powerful modeling function, and ANSYS also provides interface function with other software. Other 3D models established by software can be input into ANSYS. [2] the shell in this paper has been modeled by Pro/E software, and the shell analysis is analyzed by Pro/e software. The three-dimensional solid model of gear provides a method for accurately establishing the part model in ANSYS. For the finite element analysis method, the grid division is the most important. Although the corresponding grid division function is provided in ANSYS software. If the free grid division function of the software system is directly adopted, the unit divided by the gear tooth and the gear body will have a large error, which will affect the calculation accuracy. In this paper, when the three-dimensional solid model of gear is meshed, the contact parts of gear teeth are divided into several small bodies which are bonded to each other. Finally, the finite element model of the gear is formed. [2] the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell has a great influence on the contact stress of the gear. In this paper, due to the influence of the shell deformation on the meshing stress of the gear, the meshing of different spiral angles is analyzed. Combined with theoretical calculation and bench test, the gear modification parameters are finally confirmed.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH132.41
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李盼;基于有限元的碟式分离机应力分析与结构优化[D];广东海洋大学;2013年
本文编号：2478678
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