履带起重机风电吊装系统设计与优化研究
发布时间：2019-05-18 13:54
【摘要】：伴随着我国对风力发电领域的日益重视,一些大型的风力发电项目开始投资建设,在向全社会提供大量新能源的同时,也为风力发电相关产业带来商机。履带起重机行业,作为风电吊装领域的主要角色,从中获益匪浅。风电设备吊装过程的特点是起升高度高、起升载荷大,同时为避免吊物与臂架发生干涉碰撞,其对作业半径的要求也十分严格。针对这一特点,为更好的满足风电吊装作业要求,各厂家纷纷推出风电专用的机型,在原有履带起重机上加装风电吊装系统是各厂家的主要手段。 履带起重机风电吊装系统是以其原有臂架组合形式为设计原型,根据风机的吊装要求对部分结构重新改良设计,本文以固定副臂臂架组合形式为基础进行设计。此种结构由主臂臂头、风电专用副臂、副臂支架和前后拉板等部件组成,在继承主臂工况高起重性能的同时可增加作业半径和作业高度。系统中主臂臂头为履带起重机原有结构,无需另行设计,所以本文主要以风电专用副臂及副臂支架为研究对象,对其进行设计研究。具体内容如下： 1.针对履带起重机风电吊装系统的设计要求,结合QUY300履带起重机的自身结构形式,提出风电吊装系统的整体设计方案,并对其结构形式、钢丝绳卷绕系统和取物装置进行选型。 2.以《GB/T3811-2008起重机设计规范》为设计标准,针对风电专用副臂和副臂支架的结构特点,对其进行结构设计。风电专用副臂和副臂支架是整个系统中的核心结构,其设计合理与否直接影响到整机性能的发挥。风电吊装系统在进行吊装作业时,其起升载荷作用方向与副臂臂架轴线夹角较小,导致专用副臂的受力形式以轴向受压为主,同时在前后拉板的影响下,副臂支架的受力形式同样以轴向受压为主。因此,本文将压弯构件稳定性作为结构整体设计时的主要研究因素；将弯曲强度作为结构局部设计的主要研究因素,同时也作为验证设计方案可行性的重要指标。 3.以有限单元法为基础,应用ANSYS软件建立风电吊装系统有限元模型,并对整机组装模型进行静力学分析、对副臂与副臂支架进行屈曲分析、对局部结构进行接触分析。通过分析计算结果,明确风电吊装系统各组成构件的应变特征、应力大小和应力分布等情况,从系统刚度和强度方面验证设计方案的可行性。 4.为提高产品的经济性,本文以系统重量为目标函数,选取系统中相关结构参数为设计变量,对其进行优化设计。此优化问题属于多变量非线性规划,求解此类问题的关键在于寻求合理的约束条件,过多的约束条件会导致可行域范围很小,不易查找优化点；过少的约束条件又会导致可行域过大,从而使寻找优化点的时间过长。本文选取系统中各部件的整体稳定性、单支稳定性和弯曲强度等作为性能约束,选取各设计变量的取值范围作为边界约束,采用MATLAB优化工具箱提供的遗传算法对其进行优化计算,得出最优结果。根据优化结果重新建立有限元模型并进行有限元计算,通过优化前后的结果对比,阐述系统整体的刚强度变化,进而说明优化后系统各部件材料的利用率得到了提高。
[Abstract]:With the increasing importance of our country in the field of wind power generation, some large-scale wind power generation projects have started to invest and build, and at the same time to provide a large amount of new energy to the whole society, it also brings business opportunities to the related industries of wind power generation. The track crane industry, as the main role in the field of wind power hoisting, has benefited greatly from it. The hoisting process of the wind power equipment is characterized in that the lifting height is high, the hoisting load is large, and meanwhile, the interference collision between the hanging object and the arm support is avoided, and the requirement on the working radius is also very strict. In view of this feature, in order to better meet the requirements of the wind power lifting operation, each manufacturer has launched the special model of wind power, and the wind power hoisting system installed on the original crawler crane is the main means of each manufacturer. The wind power hoisting system of the crawler crane is the design prototype in the form of the original arm support, and the design of the partial structure is re-modified according to the hoisting requirements of the fan. This paper is based on the combined form of the fixed auxiliary arm arm support. The structure comprises a main arm arm head, a wind power special auxiliary arm, a secondary arm bracket and a front and back pull plate and the like, The main boom arm head of the system is the original structure of the track crane, and is not required to be designed separately, so the paper mainly focuses on the design and research of the auxiliary arm and the auxiliary arm support for wind power as the research object. A. Specific content such as Next:1. According to the design requirements of the wind power hoisting system of the crawler crane, the overall design scheme of the wind power hoisting system is put forward in combination with the structure form of the QUY300 track crane, and the structure form, the wire rope winding system and the object taking device are introduced. Line type selection.2. For the design standard of the crane design code
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.7
本文编号：2480061
[Abstract]:With the increasing importance of our country in the field of wind power generation, some large-scale wind power generation projects have started to invest and build, and at the same time to provide a large amount of new energy to the whole society, it also brings business opportunities to the related industries of wind power generation. The track crane industry, as the main role in the field of wind power hoisting, has benefited greatly from it. The hoisting process of the wind power equipment is characterized in that the lifting height is high, the hoisting load is large, and meanwhile, the interference collision between the hanging object and the arm support is avoided, and the requirement on the working radius is also very strict. In view of this feature, in order to better meet the requirements of the wind power lifting operation, each manufacturer has launched the special model of wind power, and the wind power hoisting system installed on the original crawler crane is the main means of each manufacturer. The wind power hoisting system of the crawler crane is the design prototype in the form of the original arm support, and the design of the partial structure is re-modified according to the hoisting requirements of the fan. This paper is based on the combined form of the fixed auxiliary arm arm support. The structure comprises a main arm arm head, a wind power special auxiliary arm, a secondary arm bracket and a front and back pull plate and the like, The main boom arm head of the system is the original structure of the track crane, and is not required to be designed separately, so the paper mainly focuses on the design and research of the auxiliary arm and the auxiliary arm support for wind power as the research object. A. Specific content such as Next:1. According to the design requirements of the wind power hoisting system of the crawler crane, the overall design scheme of the wind power hoisting system is put forward in combination with the structure form of the QUY300 track crane, and the structure form, the wire rope winding system and the object taking device are introduced. Line type selection.2. For the design standard of the crane design code
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.7
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