轮式装载机覆盖件静电粉末涂装工艺的应用研究

发布时间：2019-05-19 11:01

【摘要】：近年来,我国工程机械迅速发展,而工程机械外观质量不如其它机械产品,涂装技术水平相对落后。但是,随着社会的进步,人们的消费观念也在变化。购买设备时,已不再局限于产品内部质量和性能的满足,而把外观质量作为重要参考要素。随着环保法令对在大气层中有机挥发物(VOC)含量的规定越来越严格,粉末涂料作为百分之百的固体份粉末状的涂料,没有空气污染,无污水沉淀问题,作为绿色低碳产品日益受到市场的重视与青睐。另外,与液体涂装相比,使用粉末涂装技术,双层涂装可以减少20%以上的生产时间及生产车间面积,而粉末单层涂装更达到60%以上,大大地提高了生产率。且几乎可以95%回收利用。就工程机械行业来说,国外大公司如约翰迪尔(John Deere),沃尔沃(Volvo), CNH,卡特彼勒(CAT)和小松(Komatsu)也都先后使用了粉末涂料。粉末静电喷涂工艺在工程机械涂装中推广符合现代涂料发展趋势,随着工程机械生产领域竞争日益激烈,降低成本是竞争最直接的途径,而电镀、油漆喷涂与粉末静电喷涂相比工艺复杂、原材料昂贵,耗能多,因此在工程机械上采用粉末静电喷徐工艺是必然的。我国工程机械的涂装水平还处在不均衡的发展阶段,新工艺、新材料推广应用还相对比较缓慢。因此,引进先进的涂装技术,抓好涂装材料、涂装工艺和涂装管理这三要素,是提高工程机械产品涂装质量的当务之急。本论文通过对静电粉末喷涂工艺进行研究与试验,在装载机的覆盖件上首次推广应用环保高效低成本的粉末涂装工艺,设计了一条自动化水平较高的国内首条装载机覆盖件的粉末喷涂线,提高装载机覆盖件涂装生产能力,提升装载机覆盖件涂装的防腐级别和质量水平,带动工程机械行业环保涂装技术的发展进步。本论文的组织结构如下: 第一章简要介绍了论文的研究背景,国内外研究的现状,粉末喷涂技术的概念、需要的主要设备和工艺流程。第二章首先分析介绍了粉末涂料的分类及工程机械对粉末涂料的要求,并通过实验制定我公司的粉末涂料的技术指标. 喷涂行业的发展、当前工程机械的应用状况,然后从国家的相关环保政策及技术分析角度论述了建设装载机自动化涂装生产线可行性和必要性; 第三章详细介绍了粉末喷涂试验过程及对过程中发现问题制定的改进措施,为了实现粉末喷涂,对装载机覆盖件进行适应性改进. 第四章将研究成果及时运用到生产实际中去,制定了装载机覆盖件涂装生产线的设计目标、涂装工艺基本流程,然后按照设计目标方案通过调查选定了自动化生产线所需的主要涂装设备实施过程中采用的工艺流程及工艺装备. 第五章对粉末喷涂技术的研究应用进行总结,提炼过程中的创新点.对出现的问题的原因和改进措施进行了总结。
[Abstract]:In recent years, construction machinery in China has developed rapidly, and the appearance quality of construction machinery is not as good as that of other mechanical products, and the coating technology level is relatively backward. However, with the progress of society, people's consumption concept is also changing. When purchasing equipment, it is no longer limited to the satisfaction of product internal quality and performance, but takes appearance quality as an important reference element. As the environmental protection law stipulates the (VOC) content of organic volatile matter in the atmosphere more and more strictly, powder coating, as a 100% solid powder coating, has no air pollution and no sewage precipitation problem. As a green and low-carbon product, it has been paid more and more attention and favored by the market. In addition, compared with liquid coating, double layer coating can reduce the production time and workshop area by more than 20%, while the single layer coating of powder can reach more than 60%, which greatly improves the productivity. And it can be recycled by almost 95%. As far as the construction machinery industry is concerned, large foreign companies such as John Deere (John Deere), Volvo (Volvo), CNH, Caterpillar (CAT) and Komatsu (Komatsu) have also used powder coatings. The popularization of powder electrostatic spraying technology in construction machinery painting accords with the development trend of modern coatings. With the increasingly fierce competition in the field of construction machinery production, reducing the cost is the most direct way of competition, and electroplating. Compared with powder electrostatic spraying, paint spraying has the advantages of complex process, expensive raw materials and more energy consumption, so it is necessary to adopt powder electrostatic spraying process in construction machinery. The coating level of construction machinery in China is still in an uneven stage of development, and the popularization and application of new materials is relatively slow. Therefore, the introduction of advanced painting technology, painting materials, painting technology and coating management are the top priority to improve the coating quality of construction machinery products. In this paper, through the research and test of electrostatic powder spraying technology, the powder coating technology of environmental protection, high efficiency and low cost is popularized and applied on the panel of loader for the first time. A powder spray coating line for the first loader panel in China with high automation level is designed to improve the coating production capacity of the loader panel and improve the anticorrosion level and quality level of the loader panel coating. Drive the development and progress of environmental protection coating technology in construction machinery industry. The organizational structure of this paper is as follows: in the first chapter, the research background, research status at home and abroad, the concept of powder spraying technology, the main equipment and technological process are briefly introduced. In the second chapter, the classification of powder coatings and the requirements of construction machinery for powder coatings are analyzed and introduced, and the technical specifications of powder coatings in our company are worked out through experiments. With the development of spraying industry and the application of construction machinery at present, the feasibility and necessity of constructing automatic coating production line of loader are discussed from the point of view of national environmental protection policy and technical analysis. In the third chapter, the test process of powder spraying and the improvement measures to the problems found in the process are introduced in detail. In order to realize powder spraying, the adaptability of loader panels is improved. In the fourth chapter, the research results are applied to the production practice in time, and the design objectives of the coating production line of loaders and the basic process of painting process are worked out. Then, according to the design goal scheme, the technological process and process equipment used in the implementation of the main coating equipment needed for the automatic production line are selected through investigation. The fifth chapter summarizes the research and application of powder spraying technology, and the innovation in the refining process. The causes of the problems and the improvement measures are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH243;TQ639.2

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