风电偏航驱动减速机抗疲劳机理研究

发布时间：2019-06-22 18:38

【摘要】：近年来,风电在能源产业中异军突起,并呈现以每年30%的增长速度的发展趋势。但现代风力发电用减速机(包括偏航驱动减速机和变桨驱动减速机)所承受的外部载荷为随时间变化的动态随机载荷,所产生的动应力往往引起疲劳损伤和疲劳断裂。而传统的偏航驱动减速机往往基于静强度设计方法,采用加大许用安全系数或降低许用应力的方法来提高其可靠性,而未采用抗疲劳设计,故往往既不能提高偏航驱动减速机的可靠性和安全性,又不能达到偏航驱动减速机结构轻量化的目的。为此,本文采用数值仿真方法对偏航驱动减速机中的行星传动部分进行了动力学分析、疲劳分析以及箱体的模态分析,对偏航驱动减速机的抗疲劳设计具有较大的参考价值。论文的主要工作表现如下: (1)对总体偏航减速机进行了虚拟装配和仿真分析,结果验证了整个偏航减速机的模拟运行良好,为运用ANSYS软件进行接触和疲劳分析做了良好的保证。 (2)对行星齿轮接触问题进行了有限元分析,得到了齿轮啮合过程的接触应力分布和等效应力分布,结果表明,行星齿轮初始啮合接触时,随着行星齿轮啮合的继续进行,产生接触应力的范围不断扩大,最大应力急速增大至460MPa,小于行星齿轮材料的屈服极限。 (3)对偏航减速机行星齿轮进行了疲劳仿真分析,获得了行星齿轮的疲劳寿命次数和累计疲劳系数,结果表明,以42CrMo为材料的行星齿轮的抗疲劳特性符合偏航减速机工业设计的要求。 (4)对偏航减速机箱体进行的模态分析结果显示:偏航驱动减速机现有约束条件下的固有频率偏离转子运动件激振频率,与之对应的临界转速远远低于减速机的工作转速,不易产生共振。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wind power has emerged in the energy industry, and presents an annual growth rate of 30%. However, the external load of modern wind power reducer (including yaw drive reducer and variable propeller drive reducer) is dynamic random load with time, and the dynamic stress often leads to fatigue damage and fatigue fracture. However, the traditional yaw drive reducer is often based on the static strength design method, which uses the method of increasing the allowable safety factor or reducing the allowable stress to improve its reliability, but does not adopt the anti-fatigue design, so it can not improve the reliability and safety of the yaw drive reducer, and can not achieve the purpose of lightening the structure of the yaw drive reducer. In this paper, the dynamic analysis, fatigue analysis and modal analysis of the box are carried out by using the numerical simulation method to analyze the dynamics, fatigue and modal analysis of the planet drive reducer, which has great reference value for the anti-fatigue design of the yaw drive reducer. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the virtual assembly and simulation analysis of the overall yaw reducer are carried out, and the results verify that the simulation of the yaw reducer runs well, which provides a good guarantee for the contact and fatigue analysis by using ANSYS software. (2) the contact stress distribution and equivalent stress distribution of the gear meshing process are obtained by finite element analysis of the contact problem of the planet gear. The results show that with the continuation of the engagement of the planet gear, the range of contact stress is expanding, and the maximum stress increases rapidly to 460 MPA, which is smaller than the yield limit of the planet gear material. (3) the fatigue simulation analysis of the planet gear of yaw reducer is carried out, and the fatigue life times and cumulative fatigue coefficient of the planet gear are obtained. The results show that the anti-fatigue characteristics of the planet gear based on 42CrMo meet the requirements of the industrial design of the yaw reducer. (4) the modal analysis results of yaw reducer box show that the natural frequency of yaw drive reducer deviates from the excitation frequency of rotor moving parts under the existing constraint conditions, and the corresponding critical speed is much lower than the working speed of reducer, and it is not easy to produce resonance.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.46

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