深部高应力工程软岩巷道连续“双壳”围岩控制机理研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 22:09

本文关键词：深部高应力工程软岩巷道连续“双壳”围岩控制机理研究　出处：《河北工程大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国浅部煤炭资源逐渐枯竭,煤炭资源进入深部开采已成为客观必然规律,深部煤炭开采已成为国内外采矿界研究的焦点问题之一。随着开采深度和强度的不断增加,深部巷道围岩表现出与浅部围岩截然不同的力学响应机制。围岩在“三高一扰动”复杂力学环境下,岩体变形特性发生了根本性变化,巷道围岩表现出工程软岩特性,具有明显蠕变和流变特点,围岩扩容现象严重。同时,在高应力作用下深部巷道发生动力学灾害可能性急剧增加,给深部矿井安全、高效开采带来较大威胁。解决深部煤炭资源开采的首要及关键问题在于解决深部巷道支护,大量工程实践和理论研究均已表明,传统浅部巷道支护理论和技术已经不能适应深部巷道支护的要求。本文基于连续“双壳”支护理论,分析了深部高应力工程软岩巷道变形破坏规律,构建了连续“双壳”支护物理模型,具体结论如下:(1)虽然部分深部巷道围岩自身强度较高,但在高应力的作用下表现出软岩的性质,浅部巷道传统的支护理论与支护方式已经不能满足深部高应力工程软岩巷道的支护需求,亟需针对深部高应力工程软岩巷道支护问题的研究工作,实现深部高应力工程软岩巷道的支护。(2)分析了影响深部高应力工程软岩的因素,认为复杂应力场、围岩性质、地下水作用、支护设计为影响深部高应力工程软岩巷道的主要因素。(3)通过对深部高应力巷道在未支护情况下数值模拟分析发现,不论巷道处于高水平应力作用还是高垂直应力作用,巷道围岩均表现出大变形、强流变、自稳所需时间较长等特征。另外,在高水平应力作用下,巷道两帮的移近量明显小于顶底板收敛量,尤其是巷道底鼓量明显大约巷道顶板、两帮的变形量,表明在进行深部高应力工程软岩巷道支护时,应增强对巷道底板支护,更好的保证深部巷道的稳定性。(4)理论分析了锚杆(锚索)轴向、横向支护作用,巷道围岩注浆加固机理。根据巷道围岩不同的力学状态,分别采用了C-M屈服准则、D-P屈服准则,得出了连续“双壳”支护下,巷道围岩破裂区、塑性区、弹性区应力变化规律,破裂区、塑性区半径,破裂区、塑性区围岩位移,构建了连续“双壳”支护模型。(5)设计了连续“双壳”支护相似材料实验,通过对比巷道底板采用连续“双壳”支护和普通支护方式,得出了连续“双壳”支护能够较好的控制巷道围岩稳定,其不仅能降低巷道底鼓量,还能够与巷道顶板和两帮支护体起到协同支护作用,降低巷道顶板和两帮的位移量。(6)设计了不同埋深下连续“双壳”支护不同壳体参数相似材料实验和数值模拟实验,得出了在不同深浅壳体总厚度相同浅部壳体厚度、不同浅部壳体厚度相同深浅壳体总厚度下巷道围岩变形规律,得出在采用连续“双壳”支护时,应首先确定出连续“双壳”支护总厚度,然后再选择出合理的浅部壳体厚度,从而更好的提升连续“双壳”支护的合理性。
[Abstract]:China's shallow coal resources are drying up. Coal resources have entered an objective rule of deep mining. Deep coal mining has become one of the focuses of mining research both at home and abroad. With the increasing depth and strength of mining, the surrounding rock of the deep tunnel shows a mechanical response mechanism which is completely different from that of the shallow surrounding rock. Under the complex mechanical environment of "three high and one disturbance", the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock have changed fundamentally. The surrounding rock of the roadway shows the characteristics of engineering soft rock, which has obvious creep and rheological characteristics, and the phenomenon of wall rock dilatation is serious. At the same time, there is a sharp increase in the possibility of dynamic disaster in deep roadway under high stress, which brings great threat to the safety and high efficiency mining in deep mine. The key and key problem to solve the deep coal resources mining is to solve the deep roadway support. A large number of engineering practice and theoretical research have shown that the traditional shallow roadway support theory and technology can no longer meet the requirements of deep roadway support. In this paper, the continuous "double shell" supporting theory based on the analysis of deep high stress soft rock tunnel deformation law, construct the continuous "double shell" supporting the physical model, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) although the higher part of the deep roadway surrounding rock strength, but exhibit the properties of soft rock in high stress, shallow roadway support theory and the traditional supporting mode has been unable to meet the engineering requirements of the soft rock roadway in deep high stress, according to the need of deep high stress soft rock roadway work, realize the deep high stress soft rock roadway support. (2) the factors affecting deep soft rock with high stress are analyzed. It is considered that complex stress field, surrounding rock property, groundwater action and supporting design are main factors that affect deep soft rock roadway with high stress. (3) through the numerical simulation analysis of the deep high stress roadway under unsupported condition, it is found that whether the roadway is at high level stress or high vertical stress, the roadway surrounding rock exhibits the characteristics of large deformation, strong rheology and self stability. In addition, the high level of stress, the two sides of roadway near convergence is obviously less than the top and bottom, especially the floor heave of roadway deformation was about two for the roof, and that in deep high stress soft rock roadway, the roadway floor support should be enhanced stability, better guarantee of deep mine roadway. (4) theoretical analysis of the axial and lateral support of anchorage (Anchorage) and the mechanism of grouting reinforcement for roadway surrounding rock. According to the mechanical state of different roadway, respectively using C-M yield criterion and D-P yield criterion, the continuous "double shell" support under the rule of stress variation in elastic zone, plastic zone and fracture zone of surrounding rocks, broken zone and plastic zone radius, fracture zone and plastic zone, displacement of surrounding rock, construction the model of continuous "double shell" support. (5) the design of the continuous "double shell" supporting similar material experiment, by comparing the roadway floor with the continuous "double shell" support and general support, the continuous "double shell" supporting stability control of roadway surrounding rock is better, which can not only reduce the amount of roadway floor heave of roadway, and can roof and two sides to support collaborative support function, reduce the displacement of the tunnel roof and two for the amount of. (6) the design of the different depth under the continuous "double shell" supporting different shell parameters of simulation materials and numerical experiment, get the rock shell thickness and the same shallow shallow shell of different thickness of the same depth of casing deformation in thickness under different shades of shell thickness, obtained by using a continuous "double shell" support, should first determine the continuous "double shell" supporting the total thickness, and then choose a shallow shell thickness is reasonable, so as to better promote the continuous "double shell" supporting the rationality.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD353

【参考文献】