地震资料空间分辨率计算及理论分析

发布时间：2017-12-31 06:11

本文关键词：地震资料空间分辨率计算及理论分析　出处：《石油物探》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：分辨率的概念从时间域扩展到空间域,产生了横向分辨率、水平分辨率、纵向(垂向)分辨率、法向分辨率、方向空间分辨率等多个概念。从叠前偏移的成像椭圆出发,利用几何方法推导了均匀介质假设条件下共炮检距道集中分辨率的精确表达式,理清了各分辨率概念的内在联系。进一步通过理论计算讨论了横向分辨率随炮检距、观测点位置及深度的变化特点,对比分析了3种横向分辨率计算式的差异性。研究结果表明,前人近似横向分辨率计算公式容易高估地震资料的实际分辨能力。对于确定的炮检距和观测点位置,横向分辨率随观测点埋深呈非线性变化。当埋深约为0.7倍炮检距时,通常可获得最大横向分辨率。
[Abstract]:The concept of resolution extends from time domain to spatial domain, resulting in lateral resolution, horizontal resolution, vertical (vertical) resolution, normal resolution. Based on the imaging ellipse of prestack migration, the exact expression of common offset trace concentration resolution under the assumption of uniform medium is derived by geometric method. The inner relation of each resolution concept is clarified, and the variation characteristics of lateral resolution with offset, observation point position and depth are discussed through theoretical calculation. The differences of three lateral resolution formulas are compared and analyzed. It is easy to overestimate the actual resolution of seismic data by previous approximate lateral resolution formulas. The lateral resolution varies nonlinear with the depth of the observation point, and the maximum lateral resolution is usually obtained when the buried depth is about 0.7 times the offset.
【作者单位】：中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05019-004)资助~~
【分类号】：P631.44
【正文快照】： 地震勘探中我们常使用纵向分辨率与横向分辨率的概念。纵向分辨率是沿铅垂方向,描述对地下薄层的分辨能力;横向分辨率则是沿水平方向,刻画对地下异常体横向空间展布的分辨能力。这方面内容在很多文献中都进行了充分的讨论[1-20],并给出了明确的定义。马在田[9]根据散射点成像

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