深海采矿扬矿管内高速螺旋流的数值模拟与仿真

发布时间：2018-01-04 14:19

本文关键词：深海采矿扬矿管内高速螺旋流的数值模拟与仿真　出处：《江西理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济的高速发展,人们对矿产资源的需求与日俱增,资源的供求矛盾日趋明显。作为不可再生的陆地矿产资源日益枯竭,人类必定把目标转向蕴藏着丰富矿产资源的海洋,因此,对深海采矿水力提升系统进行研究非常有意义。当前亟需解决的问题是通过何种有效的手段将赋存于海底的矿产高效地输送到陆地上,而基于龙卷风效应的高速螺旋流水力提升系统是在传统水力提升的基础上,利用高速螺旋流强大的卷吸效应,实现锰结核颗粒高浓度低能耗水力输送。然而高速螺旋流水力提升系统中螺旋流的起旋方式、扬矿管中颗粒的力学特性、卷吸效应的机理、流场分布及输送过程中阻力损失的计算等问题尚未解决。因此,本文主要针对上述问题对高速螺旋流水力输送技术进行了详细研究,其内容如下:(1)分析了螺旋流的起旋方式及装置特点,从能量利用率高出发,确定切向射流的起旋方式及其产生高速螺旋流的水力提升系统,并探讨卷吸效应的作用机理;(2)通过对锰结核颗粒在螺旋上升运动中的受力进行分析,建立了锰结核颗粒的运动方程;利用CFD求解,确定了影响颗粒运动的输送参数;(3)总结并对比分析了多相流模型和湍流模型的特点及应用范围,以高速螺旋流水力提升系统的实际输送情况为依据,确定了颗粒上升旋流运动的初始条件及边界条件,最终采用欧拉双流体模型及RNG湍流模型;以海水为流动介质,对锰结核颗粒—海水两相螺旋流进行数值模拟,运用数值解法求解固液两相流的基本控制方程,得到高速螺旋流在扬矿管不同断面上的速度场、压力场及颗粒浓度分布规律;(4)根据能量理论计算出不同工况条件下扬矿管内高速螺旋流输送附加阻力损失,进而通过MATLAB软件的多元回归模型推导出高速螺旋流输送阻力损失公式,且经实例验证,证实了以上所求得高速螺旋流输送阻力损失模型的可靠性;(5)自行设计了一套高速螺旋流水力提升系统模拟实验方案,验证数值模拟的流动规律及压力损失模型的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy, the demand for mineral resources is increasing day by day, and the contradiction between supply and demand of resources is becoming more and more obvious. Human beings must turn to the rich mineral resources of the ocean, so. It is of great significance to study the hydraulic lifting system of deep-sea mining. The problem that needs to be solved is which effective means to transport the minerals stored in the seabed to the land efficiently. The high speed helical income force lifting system based on tornado effect is based on the traditional hydraulic hoisting, and makes use of the powerful entrainment effect of high speed helical flow. The high concentration and low energy consumption hydraulic transport of manganese nodule particles is realized. However, the starting mode of spiral flow in the high speed spiral income force lifting system, the mechanical properties of the particles in the hoisting pipe, and the mechanism of entrainment effect are also discussed. The flow field distribution and the calculation of the resistance loss in the conveying process have not been solved. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the study of the high-speed helical income force conveying technology. The main contents are as follows: (1) the characteristics of the starting mode and the device of the helical flow are analyzed, and the starting mode of the tangential jet and the hydraulic lifting system to produce the high speed helical flow are determined from the high energy utilization ratio. The mechanism of entrapment effect is also discussed. 2) by analyzing the force of manganese nodule particles in spiral upward motion, the equation of motion of manganese nodule particles is established. The transportation parameters affecting the particle motion are determined by using CFD solution. The characteristics and application range of multiphase flow model and turbulence model are summarized and analyzed, which is based on the actual transportation of high speed helical income force hoisting system. The initial and boundary conditions of the particle rising swirl are determined, and the Euler two-fluid model and the RNG turbulence model are adopted. The numerical simulation of the two-phase spiral flow of manganese nodule particles and seawater was carried out with seawater as the flowing medium, and the basic governing equation of solid-liquid two-phase flow was solved by numerical solution. The velocity field, pressure field and particle concentration distribution of high speed helical flow on different sections of the riser are obtained. 4) according to the energy theory, the additional resistance loss of high speed helical flow transportation in the hoisting pipe under different working conditions is calculated. The formula of resistance loss of high speed helical flow transportation is deduced by the multivariate regression model of MATLAB software, and the reliability of the above model is verified by an example. 5) A set of simulation experiment scheme of high speed spiral income force lifting system is designed, which verifies the flow law of numerical simulation and the reliability of pressure loss model.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD807

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